有研究表明，添加离子型表面活性剂可以增强复凝聚产物中聚电解质之间的相互作用以及增强所得微胶囊的稳定性。本文以大豆分离蛋白（SPI）和壳聚糖为壁材，采用复凝聚法制备辣椒红色素（PRP）微胶囊，以保留率为指标，研究了添加非离子型表面活性剂双乙酰酒石酸单甘油酯（DATEM，1%）、麦芽糊精（MD，6%）或蔗糖脂肪酸酯（SE，0.8%）对PRP的包埋效果及所得微胶囊对温度（60 ℃、80 ℃和100 ℃）、光照（室外光、室内光与避光）和相对湿度（33%、58%和98%）稳定性的影响。结果表明：添加非离子型表面活性剂对PRP的包埋率和包埋效率没有显著影响，但是SE显著增强了PRP微胶囊的稳定性，而DATEM和MD对PRP微胶囊的稳定性无显著有利影响。因此，添加适量非离子型表面活性剂是提高PRP复凝聚微胶囊的一种有效方法。

The addition of ionic surfactants has been reported to enhance the interaction between polyelectrolytes in coacervates and increase the stability of the resultant microcapsules. Paprika red pigment (PRP) microcapsules were prepared by complex coacervation of soybean protein isolate (SPI)/chitosan. Using retention rate as an indicator, the effect of non-ionic surfactants, including diacetyl tartaric acid ester of monoglyceride (DATEM, 1%), maltodextrin (MD, 6%), and sucrose ester (SE, 0.8%), on the microencapsulation performance and the stability of the resultant PRP microcapsules were studied at various temperatures (60 ℃, 80 ℃, and 100 ℃), light exposure (outdoor light, indoor light, and dim light), and relative humidity (33%, 58%, and 98%). The results indicated that the three non-ionic surfactants did not affect the microencapsulation efficiency or yield of PRP. However, the presence of SE significantly enhanced the stability of the PRP microcapsules, whereas DATEM and MD did not exert significantly beneficial effects. It was concluded that the addition of suitable amount of non-ionic surfactant was an effective method to improve the stability of PRP microcapsules prepared by complex coacervation.

国家自然科学基金项目（31571890）；山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2015CM037）