四种鱼类内脏中含糖醛酸多糖的结构分析

Structure Analysis of Uronic Acid-containing Polysaccharides in Viscera of Four Types of Fish

摘要:

内脏是鱼类加工的主要副产物之一，为充分开发利用这一生物资源，本研究对草鱼、鲤鱼、大黄花鱼和带鱼内脏中的多糖组分进行了分析。本研究采用胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶双酶酶解法对原料中的多糖进行提取，将所得多糖于1.3 mol/L的三氟乙酸中105 ℃下水解3 h后，采用1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)柱前衍生化-HPLC-MS/MS法对水解产物中的二糖衍生物片段进行分析。通过与标准品的保留时间对比及质谱数据解析，确定不同样品中含糖醛酸多糖(Uronic acid-containing polysaccharides，UACPs)的种类。实验结果表明，草鱼内脏样品中含有透明质酸(HA)、硫酸软骨素(CS)、肝素(HP)以及一种由糖醛酸与己糖组成的重复二糖单元构成的未知UACPs；鲤鱼样品中含有CS和HP以及少量HA；而大黄花鱼和带鱼内脏样品中的UACPs以CS为主。本研究揭示了四种鱼类内脏中的多糖资源，为这一加工副产物的开发与利用提供重要的科学依据。

Abstract:

Viscus is one of the major by-products of fish processing. To fully utilize this biological resource, polysaccharides from the viscera of Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Cyprinus carpio, Larimichthys crocea, and Trichiurus lepturus were analyzed. Polysaccharides were isolated by double enzyme hydrolysis (trypsin and papain), followed by hydrolyzing with 1.3 M trifluoroacetic acid at 105 ℃ for 3 h. Disaccharides from acid hydrolysates were analyzed using HPLC-MS/MS after 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) derivatization. By comparing the retention times and mass spectra of the resultant polysaccharides with those of the references, the uronic acid-containing polysaccharides (UACPs) in the fish viscera were identified. The results showed that hyaluronic acid (HA), chondroitin sulfate (CS), heparin (HP), and an unknown UACP-containing repeated disaccharide with hexuronic acid linked to hexose were present in the viscera of C. idellus. CS, HP, and small quantities of HA were detected in the viscera of C. carpio. CS was found to be the major UACP in the viscera of L. crocea and T. lepturus. The results revealed the UACPs in the viscera of four types of fish and provided a scientific basis for exploring and utilizing these resources.