冷藏秋刀鱼的菌相分析及其优势腐败菌的分离鉴定

Microflora Analysis and Preliminary Identification of Dominant Spoilage Bacteria in Refrigerated Cololabis saira

摘要:

冷藏秋刀鱼优势腐败菌的研究可为靶向抑菌，延长货架期提供一定的参考。论文利用传统培养的方法研究了冷藏（4 ℃）秋刀鱼的菌相变化、分离与鉴定优势腐败菌并验证了其腐败能力。结果表明，秋刀鱼冷藏6 d后达到其货架期终点，冷藏过程中共分离、鉴定出13株细菌，革兰氏阳性菌7株，革兰氏阴性菌6株，分属7个菌属。根据各菌株在菌相中的比例变化及对灭菌鱼汁TVB-N值的影响，可以确定菌株13（肠杆菌），12（希瓦氏菌），7、9（不动杆菌）为冷藏秋刀鱼的优势腐败菌。各株优势腐败菌对秋刀鱼挥发性盐基氮（total volatile base nitrogen，TVB-N）、三甲胺（trimethylamine，TMA）、硫代巴比妥酸（the 2-2-thiobarbituric acid，TBA）的影响不同，12号菌株（希瓦氏菌）会加速样品TMA的产生，13号菌株(肠杆菌)对样品的TVB-N值影响最大，7号菌株（不动杆菌）则会促使样品的TBA值显著增大，9号菌株（不动杆菌）对以上各指标也均具有一定的影响，证明所确定的4株菌对冷藏秋刀鱼具有较强的腐败能力。

Abstract:

A deeper understanding of the dominant spoilage bacteria during storage will help develop methods to inhibit target bacteria, thus extending the shelf life of Cololabis saira. Changes in the bacterial phase of the bacteria causing spoilage of Cololabis saira stored at 4°C were investigated, the dominant spoilage bacteria were isolated and identified, and their spoilage potential was verified. The results showed that the shelf life of refrigerated Cololabis saira was six days. A total of 13 strains that belonged to seven genera, were isolated during refrigerated storage, including seven gram-positive and six gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, according to the change in the proportion of each strain in the bacterial phase and their effects on the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) value of sterilized fish juice, Strains 13 (Enterobacter sp.), 12 (Shewanella sp.), 7, and 9 (Acinetobacter sp.) were identified. These bacteria had different influences on the TVB-N, trimethylamine (TMA) and 2-2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) content of Cololabis saira. Strain 12 (Shewanella sp.) accelerated TMA generation, Strain 13 (Enterobacter sp.) showed significant influence on TVB-N value, Strain 7 (Acinetobacter sp.) significantly increased TBA content, while Strain 9 (Acinetobacter sp.) affected all three indicators. The results demonstrated that the four identified strains showed strong spoilage potential for Cololabis saira during refrigerated storage.