为了研究小麦粉出粉率对馒头品质及挥发性物质的影响，采用不同出粉率小麦粉为原料，研究出粉率与馒头品质及其挥发性化合物的关系，为深入研究提供依据。结果表明：出粉率为35%~70%时，馒头的硬度、凝聚性和咀嚼性等无显著差异性，出粉率为80%~97%时，随着出粉率的增加，馒头硬度、胶黏性、咀嚼性显著增加，弹性、凝聚性、回复性显著下降。电子鼻检测结果显示，不同出粉率小麦粉馒头中挥发性物质存在差异，在PA/2、T40/1、P10/2传感器上的响应强度差异显著，采用电子鼻系统可以区分出粉率>70%和出粉率≤70%的馒头样品。采用固相微萃取和气相色谱质谱联用的方法，从不同出粉率小麦粉馒头中共检测到59种化合物，其中醇类9种，醛类9种，呋喃类2种，酮类2种，酯类6种，苯类3种，烷烃类28种。随着出粉率增加，馒头挥发性化合物种类增加。不同出粉率小麦粉馒头中醇类物质含量最高（52.52%~65.79%），其次为醛类。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different flour yields on the quality and volatile components of steamed bread. Wheat flours with different flour yields were used as raw materials to investigate the relationship of flour yield with the qualities and volatile components in steamed bread to provide a basis for further analysis. The hardness, cohesiveness, and gumminess of steamed bread exhibited no significant differences when the flour yield was 35~70%. When the flour yield was 80~97%, the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of steamed bread increased significantly, while springiness, cohesiveness, and resilience decreased significantly with increasing flour yield. The electronic nose (E-nose) results revealed significant differences in the volatile components among the steamed breads with different flour yields. The sensors PA/2, T40/1 and P10/2 exhibited dramatic differences in the response intensity, and the steamed breads with flour yields of >70% and ≤70% could be distinguished using the E-nose system. A total of 59 kinds of volatile compounds were identified in wheat steamed bread using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry, including nine alcohols, nine aldehydes, two furans, two ketones, six esters, three benzene compounds, and 28 hydrocarbons. With increasing flour yield, the types of volatile components in wheat steamed bread increased. The alcohol content (52.52~65.79%) was the highest in wheat steamed bread, followed by aldehydes.

国家自然科学基金项目(31571873，31301594)；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-01)；河南省科技成果转化计划（农业领域）项目(142201110030)；河南工业大学“省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金”项目(2014YWQQ02)