本研究对新疆乌鲁木齐、石河子、奎屯农贸市场以及超市的肉品、蔬菜、乳制品和即食食品中的大肠杆菌进行检测，从198份样品中分离出63株大肠杆菌。采用K-B法，对63株大肠杆菌进行17种抗生素敏感试验；采用PCR技术检测9种耐药基因。药敏结果表明，63株大肠杆菌对四环素(44.44%)、氨苄西林(39.68%)和萘啶酮酸(38.10%)耐药率较高，所有受试菌株对亚胺培南(0.00%)敏感性最强；肉品、蔬菜分离株对四环素(57.14%、52.94%)耐药性最强,乳源性分离株对氨苄西林(26.67%)耐药性最强,即食食品分离株对17种抗生素敏感；乌鲁木齐、奎屯、石河子分离株对四环素(65.00%、40.00%、32.14%)耐药率最高。PCR结果表明，耐药菌株中，sul2耐药基因检出率最高(75.00%)，addB耐药基因的检出率最低(19.23%)。1重以上耐药菌株占总菌数的63.49%，3重以上耐药菌株占总菌数的39.68%。新疆地区食源性大肠杆菌多重耐药性比较严重。

Escherichia coli strains were isolated from meat products, vegetables, dairy products, and instant foods in farmers markets and supermarkets of Urumqi city, Shihezi city, and Kuitun city of Xinjiang, and 63 E. coli strains were isolated from 198 food samples. Drug resistances to 17 antibiotics in 63 E. coli strains were determined using the Kirby-Bauer (K-B) method, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to measure nine drug-resistance genes. The results indicated that 63 E. coli strains showed high resistance to tetracycline (44.44%), ampicillin (39.68%), and nalidixic acid (38.10%), and all test isolates showed the highest susceptibility to imipenem (0.00%). Isolates from meat products and vegetables showed the highest drug resistance to tetracycline (57.14% and 52.94%, respectively), isolates from dairy products showed the highest drug resistance to ampicillin (26.67%), and isolates from instant foods were susceptible to 17 antibiotics. The isolates from Urumqi, Shihezi, and Kuitun exhibited the highest resistance to tetracycline (65.00%, 40.00%, and 32.14%, respectively). PCR results showed that among the resistant strains, the detection rate for the sul2 gene was the highest (75.00%), and the detection rate for the aadB gene was lowest (19.23%). The multiple-antibiotic-resistant and triple-antibiotic isolates accounted for 63.49% and 39.68% of the total isolates, respectively. Foodborne E. coli in Xinjiang showed a high level of resistance to common antibiotics.

国家自然科学基金项目(31301469);石河子大学高层次人才启动项目(RCZX201225)；石河子大学青年骨干教师项目(3152SPXY02033)