本研究通过选用4种特定的动物引物探索一种和多种动物油脂在食用油中的检出限和检出状况，建立了一套可行的应用PCR技术鉴别检测食用油掺杂动物油脂的方法。以牛、羊、猪、鸡4种动物组织提取出的DNA分别验证其各自引物的特异性；试验将单一动物油脂（猪油、牛油、羊油和鸡油）按不同比例与食用油混掺，用吸附柱法提取油中DNA，检测出食用油中0.1%（m/m）单一动物源性成分；再将两种、三种、四种动物油脂分别与食用油混掺，提取DNA后进行PCR扩增，辨析每种动物基因信息的检出状况；最终利用选取的特异性动物引物，从包含一种或多种动物信息的食用油中鉴别检测出猪、牛、羊、鸡4种动物源性成分，此法可实现检出含有0.1%（m/m）动物源性成分的食用油掺假，为食用油掺假鉴别提供了新的参考方法。

The detection limit and detection conditions of edible oil combined with one or more animal oils were explored by using four pairs of species-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction to identify and detect edible oil combined with animal oils. The specificities of the four pairs of species-specific primers were verified using DNA extracted from pig, bovine, sheep, and chicken. Oil from a single animal (pig, bovine, sheep, or chicken oil) was mixed with edible oils in different proportions, the DNA in the oil was extracted using a silica spin column, and a detection level of 0.1% (m/m) single animal-derived component mixed in edible oil was used. Next, the edible oil was combined with two, three, or four types of animal oils and PCR amplification was performed after DNA extraction. The genetic information of each animal was analyzed. Finally, pig-, bovine-, sheep-, and chicken-derived components were identified and detected in the edible oil combined with one or more animal samples, using selected species-specific primers. This method can detect edible oil combined with animal-derived components at a level of 0.1% (m/m) and its provides a new reference method for detected edible oil combinations.

陕西省科技攻关项目（K336021201）