本文以东北地区的野生蓝莓为原料，比较了三种不同产地野生蓝莓间的基本组分和抗氧化活性。利用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器-质谱（HPLC-DAD-MS）法对三种蓝莓花色苷的分析可知，东北地区野生蓝莓中含有花色苷14~16种，以单糖苷配基为主，酰基化率低。含有除天竺葵素以外的5种常见花青素结构类型，且以飞燕草素衍生物、牵牛花素衍生物和锦葵素衍生物所占比例较高，分别占比34.89~42.21%、25.96~32.95%、22.77~31.17%。其中，黑龙江野生蓝莓的可溶性固形物含量较低，且可滴定酸含量较高，其风味较酸不宜鲜食；吉林野生蓝莓的可溶性固形物含量最高，适宜作为加工品种，且其总酚含量、总花色苷含量最高，具有最高的DPPH?清除率、?O2-清除率和铁还原力等抗氧化活性，此结果可能与其糖苷配基单糖种类多且酰基化率低有关。

The essential components and antioxidant activities of three wild blueberry varieties from different production areas of Northeast China were compared. The anthocyanins of the three wild blueberry samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS). The results showed 14 to 16 types of anthocyanins, mainly in monoglycoside form with a low rate of anthocyanin acetylation. There are five common anthocyanins in blueberry, and the delphinidin derivatives, petunidin derivatives, and malvidin derivatives dominate, accounting for 34.89~42.21%, 25.96~32.95%, and 22.77~31.17% of the total, respectively. Among the three wild blueberry varieties, Heilongjiang wild blueberry had a relatively low content of total soluble solids (TSS) and a relatively high content of titratable acid (TA), and is not suitable for fresh consumption. Jilin wild blueberry had the highest TSS, total phenolic, and total anthocyanin content, indicating that the Jilin wild blueberry is suitable for processing. Additionally, Jilin blueberry exhibited the highest levels of hydroxyl radicals (?OH) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH?), ?O2- scavenging rates, and ferric reducing power. This result might be related to the numerous types of monoglycosides and the low rate of anthocyanin acetylation in Jilin blueberry.

国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2012BAD31B05）