五种野生青海食用菌提取物的抗氧化活性研究

Antioxidant Activities of Five Wild Edible Mushrooms Extracts From Qinghai

摘要:

本文综合分析了草原白蘑菇1号Agaricus bisporus(Lange) Sing.、毛头鬼伞Coprinus comatus (Muell. :Fr.) S.F.Gray.、墨汁鬼伞Copinus atramentarius (Bull.)Fr.、长根菇Collybia radi-cata(Relh.ex Fr.)Quel.和翘林丝盖伞Inocybe calamistrata(Fr.)Gill.五种来自青海的野生食用真菌的抗氧化活性及相关成分。翘林丝盖伞的两种提取物均表现出了最强的DPPH自由基清除能力，其甲醇提取物和乙醇提取物的EC50值分别为0.90±0.06 mg/mL和0.85±0.14 mg/mL；长根菇甲醇提取物（0.45±0.01 mg/mL）和乙醇提取物（0.78±0.01 mg/mL）展现出了最强的铁离子螯合能力；翘林丝盖伞甲醇提取物（0.26±0.002 mmol Trolox equivalents/g）和55%乙醇提取物（0.24±0.003 mmol Trolox equivalents/g）具有最高的Trolox等价摩尔含量。墨汁鬼伞甲醇提取物中抗氧化活性成分-总酚的含量（19.04±0.30 mg gallic acid equivalents/g）显著高于其他四种提取物（P<0.05）；翘林丝盖伞乙醇提取物的总酚含量（11.41±0.09 mg gallic acid equivalents/g）显著高于其他四种提取物（P<0.05）。五种野生食用真菌均具有显著的抗氧化活性，总体上来说，翘林丝盖伞的抗氧化活性更强。

Abstract:

The aim of the present study was to comprehensively analyze the antioxidant activities and relevant components of five wild edible mushrooms: Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing., Coprinus comatus (Muell: Fr.) S. F. Gray., Coprinus atramentarius (Bull.) Fr., Collybia radicata (Relh. ex Fr.) Quel., and Inocybe calamistrata (Fr.) Gill. from Qinghai province. The two extracts of I. calamistrata showed the strongest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity, and the EC50 values of its methanolic crude extract (MCE) and ethanolic crude extract (ECE) were 0.90 ± 0.06 mg/mL and 0.85 ± 0.14 mg/mL, respectively. The MCE (0.45 ± 0.01 mg/mL) and ECE (0.78 ± 0.01 mg/mL) of C. radicata showed the strongest metal chelating capacity. Both the MCE (0.26 ± 0.002 mmol Trolox equivalents/g) and ECE (0.24 ± 0.003 mmol Trolox equivalents/g) of I. calamistrata possessed the highest micromolar Trolox equivalent per gram. The total content of phenols (active antioxidant components) was significantly higher in the MCE of C. atramentarius (19.04 ± 0.30 mg gallic acid equivalents/g) than of the other four extracts (P < 0.05). Similarly, the total phenolic content was significantly higher in the ECE of I. calamistrata than of the other four extracts (P < 0.05). All five edible mushrooms showed marked antioxidant capacities; I. calamistrata showed the strongest antioxidant activity.