鱼粉中肌胃糜烂素及其检测方法研究进展

Detection and Characterization of Gizzerosine in Fish Meal

摘要:

配合鱼粉饲料中的肌胃糜烂素（gizzerosine，GZ）是导致鸡、鸭、鱼等养殖动物发生肌胃糜烂、食欲不振、产卵率下降、吐黑、死亡的原因物质，是褐色鱼粉直火干燥制造过程中产生的生物胺，其引起病变的浓度范围是1 mg/kg左右，生理毒性是鱼粉中组胺毒性水平的1000倍。引起致病的主要原因是能促进动物的胃酸大量分泌而致使胃粘膜发生病变。养殖禽类是农业的主要经济来源，也是关系人类健康的重要食物来源。从养殖业的安全性出发，建立适合饲料安全控制检测体系，及时有效的控制影响禽类安全性的指标是非常必要的。本文针对肌胃糜烂素的理化性质、毒性水平及其检测方法进行综述，为今后对肌胃糜烂素的研究方法及控制方法提供参考，并对肌胃糜烂素的相关研究提供展望。

Abstract:

Gizzerosine (GZ) in fish meal feed is the causative agent of gizzard erosion and ulceration, inappetence, decreased spawning rate, Black Vomit, and death in chickens, ducks, fish, and other poultry. Gizzerosine is a biogenic amine formed during the flame-drying treatment of brown fish meal. The level of gizzerosine that can cause pathological changes is about 1 mg/kg and its physiological toxicity is 1000 times that of histamine in fish meal. The main pathogenic mechanism is that gizzerosine promotes secretion of large amounts of gastric acid, resulting in gastric mucosal lesions. Poultry farming is the main source of income in agriculture field, and is an important contributor to food-related human health. From the safety point of view in animal husbandry, it is essential to establish an inspection system that is suitable to monitor feed safety affording timely and effective control of factors affecting poultry safety. In this study, the physicochemical properties, toxicity levels, and gizzerosine detection methods were reviewed in the paper, thereby providing a reference for future research on gizzerosine and methods to control the diseases it causes. Thus, it offers a new perspective for gizzerosine-related research.