南极冰鱼与南极磷虾营养成分分析及比较

Comparison and Evaluation of the Nutritional Components of Antarctic Icefish and Krill

摘要:

本文采用国标方法分析了南极冰鱼的营养成分，并与南极磷虾营养成分进行了比较，期望为南极冰鱼的开发利用提供依据。南极冰鱼肌肉中的蛋白质和灰分含量与南极磷虾差异显著（p<0.05），脂质和碳水化合物含量与南极磷虾差异不显著。南极冰鱼肌肉与南极磷虾均含有17种氨基酸，必需氨基酸指数分别为44.24和34.03，必需氨基酸的构成比例符合FAD/WHO的标准；鲜味氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例分别为35.86%和40.51%。南极冰鱼中饱和脂肪酸（33.37%）和单不饱和脂肪酸（41.22%）含量分别高于南极磷虾（32.60%和29.75%），南极磷虾多不饱和脂肪酸（25.12%）含量低于南极磷虾（45.38%）。南极冰鱼肌肉中的矿物质（Ca、Fe、Zn、Cu等）含量低于南极磷虾。因此，南极冰鱼具有较高的营养价值和良好的开发应用前景。

Abstract:

The nutritional components of Antarctic icefish were analyzed and evaluated by national standard methods, and compared with Antarctic krill. The results showed that the protein content in Antarctic icefish was significantly higher than in Antarctic krill (p<0.05); however, the ash content in Antarctic icefish was much lower (p<0.05). Seventeen amino acids were found in the muscles of Antarctic icefish and krill, and the essential amino acids (EAA) indices were 44.24 and 34.03, respectively. The EAA composition of both the two samples met FAO/ WHO standard. The flavour amino acids content in total amino acids in the muscle of Antarctic icefish and krill was 35.86% and 40.51%. The saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids were 33.37% and 41.22% in the muscle of Antarctic icefish, respectively, which were higher than in Antarctic krill (32.60% and 29.75%, respectively). The polysaturated fatty acids content (25.12%) was lower than in Antarctic krill (45.38%). The minerals (Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu) in the muscle of Antarctic icefish was also higher than in Antarctic krill. In conclusion, Antarctic icefish had high nutritional value, which well deserved further exploitation and utilization.