由细菌污染引起的食源性疾病依然是影响人类公共健康和食品安全的最大问题之一。其中，金黄色葡萄球菌是人类的一种重要病原菌，引起许多严重感染。金黄色葡萄球菌属于革兰氏阳性球菌，广泛分布于自然界，是引起化脓性疾病的重要病原菌，也是引起食品污染和细菌性食物中毒的一种重要细菌。食品受金黄色葡萄球菌污染后，不仅会腐败变质，而且部分菌株产生金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素(Staphylococcal enterotoxins, SEs)而引起食物中毒，由金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素引起的食物中毒占整个细菌性食物中毒的首位。所以，对SEs的研究以及快速、精确的检测和筛查，成为关键环节。本文拟对金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素生物学性状、致病性、检验方法等方面的研究进展进行综述。当然，对金黄色葡萄球菌及其主要致病因子肠毒素的研究有待进一步深入与发展。

Bacteria pollution causes food-borne illness is one of the biggest problems which affect human public health and food safety. Among these Bacterias, Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen which can cause many serious infections. Staphylococcus aureus is a widely distributed Gram-positive organism, which is responsible for a lot of infectious diseases, as well as a major food-borne pathogen taking up many food poisoning cases. Food samples contaminated by this organism will decay rapidly and the toxin named enterotoxin may produced by S. aureus, (SEs) resulting in severe food poisoning in human being. Therefore, the studies on fast, accurate detection and screening of SEs became more important .This article introduced the recently development of enterotoxin, including the biological characteristics, pathogenesis and detection methods.

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（31201362）；中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目博士启动项目（2012ZB0022）；淀粉与植物蛋白深加工教育部工程研究中心开放基金项目（2011-2012）