本文对乳酸菌基因组学的研究新进展，包括乳酸菌基因组测序、基因组的进化和基因转移、乳酸菌重要的功能基因等以及乳酸菌基因工程的研究新进展，包括乳酸菌食品级表达载体、食品级载体选择标记、活体疫苗载体等方面进行了概述。

In this paper, research advances in genomics of lactic acid bacteria were reviewed, including genome sequencing, evolution, gene transfer and functional gene. The recent advances in genetic engineering of lactic acid bacteria were also introduced, including food-grade expression vector, selective marker, and live vaccine vector.