Structural Characteristics and Activity Analysis of Polysaccharides from Different Parts of Hovenia dulcis
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Abstract:
In order to clarify the structure and functional activities of polysaccharides in different parts of Hovenia dulcis, three kinds of H. dulcis polysaccharides (HDP) including whole fruit polysaccharide (HDPW), seed polysaccharide (HDPS) and peduncles polysaccharide (HDPP) were prepared by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. Their structures were analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, high performance size exclusion chromatography, ion chromatography, fourier tansform infrared spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy. At the same time, the biological activities of the three polysaccharides were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS free radical scavenging model, α-glucosidase inhibition model and IR-HepG2 cell model. All of HDPW, HDPS and HDPP were acidic polysaccharides, which were composed of Fucose, rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid with different molar ratios. The molecular weights of HDPW, HDPS and HDPP had three chromatographic peaks, among which the low and medium molecular weight value of HDPs (45.72×104~165.75×104 u) was higher than HDPW (0.34×104~12.53×104 u) and HDPP (0.51×104~21.26×104 u). Infrared spectra showed that HDPW and HDPP contained α-glycosidic bond, while HDPs was a β-glycosidic linked polysaccharides. The median inhibition concentration of DPPH radical, ABTS radical and α-glucosidase were 0.015~0.043 mg/mL, 0.47~1.21 mg/mL and 0.13~9.99 mg/mL, respectively. When the mass concentration of HDPW and HDPP was 0.1 mg/mL or above, the glucose consumption rate of insulin resistant HepG2 cells (IR-HepG2) was significantly increased, and the highest increase was 7.66% compared with the model group. Compared with HDPS, HDPW and HDPP were similar in structure and showed better antioxidant and α-Glucosidase inhibition activity, stronger IR-HepG2 glucose uptake promotion ability. The study provided theoretical basis and data support for the comprehensive utilization of H. dulcis.