Abstract:Royal jelly is a thick, milky white secretion from the palatine glands of young worker bees. As a natural bee product, it finds wide application in various fields, including food and health care products. One of the unique components of royal jelly is 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a medium-chain unsaturated fatty acid. 10-HDA possesses several active functions, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, blood sugar regulation, blood lipid control, and anti-radiation properties. The extraction of 10-HDA from royal jelly can be efficiently achieved through physical adsorption or organic solvent treatment, and in addition, 10-HDA can be synthesized by various chemical reactions using substances such as 8-hydroxyoctanal and 1,8-octanediol. In recent years, the utilization of microorganisms for 10-HDA production has gained significant attention due to its low cost and low pollution characteristics. This method has become a research hotspot. This article provides a summary of the physicochemical properties, physiological active functions, and different methods of 10-HDA production. Furthermore, it briefly discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these production methods, and highlights the existing problems while also providing future prospects. The aim is to offer a valuable reference and information for further in-depth research on 10-HDA.
