乳清蛋白作为营养健康食品的重要原料或成分，可能与多酚氧化形成的邻苯醌类物质反应，即发生蛋白-多酚共价相互作用。乳清蛋白与邻苯醌类物质的反应效率是阐明两者反应行为的重要科学依据。以乳清蛋白主要成分β-乳球蛋白（β-Lactoglobulin, β-LG）作为研究对象，利用循环伏安技术研究了不同条件下β-LG与邻苯醌类物质的反应效率。结果表明：在pH 7.0，扫描速率50 mV/s条件下，β-LG（0.03 mmol/L）与非黄酮型邻苯醌的反应效率顺序为：原儿茶酸（54.72%）>咖啡酸（47.01%）>迷迭香酸（41.86%）>绿原酸（39.29%）>邻苯二酚（27.36%）>4-甲基邻苯二酚（22.51%）>原儿茶酸乙酯（19.24%）；与黄酮型邻苯醌的反应效率的顺序为：木犀草素（19.34%）>槲皮素（14.68%）>芦丁（12.50%）≈儿茶素（11.97%）>表儿茶素（6.66%）。研究表明：邻苯醌类物质的结构会影响其与β-LG的反应效率，醌环上含有给电子基团的邻苯醌类物质反应效率高于醌环上含有吸电子基团的邻苯醌类物质；此外，醌环上取代基的空间位阻会削弱邻苯醌类物质与β-LG的反应效率。

As an important raw material or component of nutritious and healthy food, whey protein may interact with o-benzoquinone formed by polyphenol oxidation, thus affecting its structure and function. The reaction efficiency of whey protein with o-benzoquinones is an important scientific basis for elucidating their reaction behavior. The reaction of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), the main protein component of whey protein, with o-benzoquinones under different conditions were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. At pH 7.0 and scan rate of 50 mV/s, β-LG (0.03 mmol/L) reaction with non-flavonoid o-benzoquinones (0.60 mmol/L) followed the order: protocatechuic acid (54.72%) > caffeic acid (47.01%) > rosmarinic acid (41.86%) > chlorogenic acid (39.29%) > catechol (27.36%) > 4-methylcatechol (22.51%) > protocatechuic acid ethyl ester (19.24%), and reaction with flavonoid o-benzoquinones (0.60 mmol/L) followed the order: luteolin (19.34%) > quercetin (14.68%) > rutin (12.50%)≈(+)-catechin (11.97%) > (-)-epicatechin (6.66%). The data proved that the structure of o-benzoquinone affected the efficiency of their reaction with β-LG. The reactivity of o-benzoquinones towards β-LG was weakened by the electron-donating subsituent on o-benzoquinone and strengthened by electron-withdrawing substituent on the o-benzoquinone rings. The steric hindrance of the substituents on o-benzoquinone rings also weakened the reactivity of o-benzoquinones with β-LG.

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（31701727）;广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目（2020A1515110950）;东莞理工学院引进人才科研启动专项经费项目（GC300502-36，GC300502-35）;东莞理工学院高层次人才（创新团队）科研启动项目（编号：KCYCXPT2017007）