以霞多丽葡萄籽为研究对象，采用氢氧化钠降解高聚原花青素，通过单因素实验和响应面法优化降解工艺。分析不同处理及最佳降解工艺条件下样品的平均聚合度、原花青素含量、不同组分变化及DPPH、ABTS自由基清除能力。结果显示，最佳降解工艺条件为氢氧化钠浓度4.40%、处理时间31 min、处理温度59 ℃，在此条件下，高聚原花青素的平均聚合度从5.71降至2.37；原花青素含量增加了1.68倍；单体、ECG和二聚体峰面积分别增加了14267.50、28304.00、52998.33，总峰面积增加了1.80倍。DPPH、ABTS自由基清除能力分别提高了2.41倍和2.19倍。综上，葡萄籽原花青素经氢氧化钠降解后获得强抗氧化活性的低聚原花青素，为酿酒副产物葡萄籽中高聚原花青素开发利用提供了理论依据，具有一定的实际应用价值和意义。

The grape seed of Cabernet Sauvignon was studied, sodium hydroxide was used to degrade polymeric proanthocyanidins, and the degradation process was optimized through single factor experiment and response surface methodology. The mean degree of polymerization, proanthocyanidin content, changes in different components, and DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging capabilities of the samples under different treatments and optimal degradation process conditions were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal degradation process conditions were 4.40% of sodium hydroxide concentration, 31 min of treatment time, and 59 ℃ of treatment temperature. Under these conditions, the average degree of polymerization of polymeric proanthocyanidins decreased from 5.71 to 2.37; the content of proanthocyanidins increased by 1.68 times; The peak areas of monomer, ECG and dimer increased by 14267.50, 28304.00, 52998.33 respectively, and the total peak area increased by 1.80 times. The free radical scavenging capacity of DPPH and ABTS increased by 2.41 times and 2.19 times, respectively. In summary, grape seed proanthocyanidins are degraded by sodium hydroxide to obtain oligomeric proanthocyanidins with strong antioxidant activity, which provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of polymeric proanthocyanidins in grape seeds, which is a byproduct of winemaking, and has certain practical application value and significance.

新疆自治区科技支疆项目（2018E02040）