本研究探讨转化后的西洋参茎叶皂苷（HTS）预处理对感染单核细胞增生李斯特菌小鼠的保护作用。HTS组、西洋参茎叶皂苷（AGS）组小鼠进行14 d连续性干预后感染单核细胞增生李斯特菌，染菌后继续灌胃7 d，分析HTS对染菌小鼠的保护作用。体外抑菌实验表明HTS对单核细胞增生李斯特菌的抑菌圈直径为18.47 mm，具有明显的抑菌效果；HTS预处理组小鼠的肝脏系数（0.0593）、脾脏系数（0.00433）与阴性组（分别为0.0518、0.00678）相比差异有显著统计学意义（p<0.05）；HTS预处理组小鼠肾脏系数（0.0155）与空白组（0.0155）相比，差异有统计学意义（p<0.1）。同空白组相比，阴性组小鼠肝脏颜色异常，肝切片可见明显的炎性细胞浸润，细胞核缺失和肥大；HTS预处理组小鼠肝脏颜色质地正常，未见明显的病理性变化。HTS预处理组小鼠血液中白细胞（WBC）、中性粒细胞（NEUT）数量（分别为5.62、2.19）较阴性组小（分别为6.13、2.40）；肝脏中IL-1β和IFN-γ的水平（分别为76.75 pg/mg、74.67 pg/mg）低于阴性组水平（分别为115.14 pg/mg、335.45 pg/mg），差异有显著统计学意义（p<0.05）。因此，HTS能通过降低炎症细胞的分泌，减轻肝组织炎性细胞浸润等病理形态，降低炎性细胞因子的释放来减轻染菌小鼠的损害，对染菌小鼠肝脏具有保护作用。

In this study, the protective effect of heat-transformed saponins of American ginseng (HTS) on mice infected with listeria monocytogenes (Lm) was investigated. Mice in the HTS group and American ginseng leaf-stem saponins (AGS) group were infected with Lm after 14 days of continuous intervention. After the infection, gavage was continued for another 7 days, to examine the protective effect of HTS on infected mice. In vitro antibacterial experiments showed that HTS had a significant antibacterial effect, with an inhibition zone diameter of 18.47 mm. The liver and spleen coefficients of the HTS pretreatment group (0.0593 and 0.00433, respectively) and the negative group (0.0518 and 0.00678, respectively) were statistically different (p<0.05). The kidney coefficients between the HTS pretreatment group (0.0155) and blank group (0.0155) was statistically different (p<0.1). Compared with the blank group, the liver color of the negative group was abnormal, and the liver section showed obvious inflammatory cell infiltration, loss of nuclei and hypertrophy. The color and texture of the liver of the HTS pretreatment group were normal, with no obvious pathological changes. The numbers of white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil (NEUT) of the HTS pretreatment group (5.62 and 2.19, respectively) were smaller than those of the negative group (6.13 and 2.40, respectively). The levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ in the liver of the HTS pretreatment group (76.75 pg/mg and 74.67 pg/mg, respectively) were significantly lower than those of the negative group (115.14 pg/mg and 335.45 pg/mg, respectively), with the differences being statistically significant (p<0.05). Therefore, HTS can reduce the damage of infected mice by reducing the secretion of inflammatory cells, alleviating pathological forms such as inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver tissue, and reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines, thereby exerting a protective effect on the liver of infected mice.

山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2019PH043）