恩诺沙星作为一种应用较为广泛的抗生素，因在实际抽检中出阳率较高引起了广泛的重视。本研究建立了一种可以快速定量检测恩诺沙星，采用量子点进行标记和示踪的免疫层析方法。通过对新型的纳米荧光材料量子点结合抗原抗体等活性材料的技术研究、样本前处理试剂的研发、浓度的筛选优化等技术实现量子点材料与食品基质的配适，建立定量检测恩诺沙星免疫层析的平台。通过对试剂盒整体的相关优化，本检测方法线性范围为2~1000 ng/mL，最低检测限为1.80 ng/mL，精密度可控在10%以内，热加速稳定性为37 ℃可稳定放置10 d，性能优越。与传统液相色谱方法比较，简便快捷，整体检测时间可控在20 min内，检测结果相关性较好，相关系数为0.98。本研究弥补国内对量子点与免疫层析技术相结合定量检测食品类抗生素残留方面研究的空缺，可实现大批量现场原材料的快速筛查，推动食品快检技术的发展。

Enrofloxacin as a widely used antibiotic has attracted widespread attention due to its high positive rate in actual sampling. In this study, an immunochromatographic assay was developed for rapid and quantitative detection of enrofloxacin using quantum dot labeling and tracking. Quantitative detection of enrofloxacin was achieved through investigating the fluorescent quantum dot nanomaterials combined with active materials, developing reagents for sample pretreatment, and screening and optimizing concentrations to achieve the compatibility of quantum dot materials and food substrates. Through the optimization of the whole kit, the linear range of this detection method was 2~1000 ng/ml, the minimum detection limit was 1.80 ng/ml, and the precision was within 10%, with superior performance in accelerated thermal stability tests (stable for 10 days at 37 ℃). Compared with conventional liquid chromatography methods, this established method is simple and rapid with a good correlation among the detection results within the entire detection period of 20 min (correlation coefficient: 0.98). This research fills up the knowledge gap in quantitative detection of antibiotic residues in foods by combining quantum dots and immunochromatography technique, which allows rapid on-site screening of large-scale raw materials and promote the development of rapid food inspection technology.

国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFF0215200；2018YFF0215206）；南京市局重点科技项目（Kj2019002）