研究溶剂极性对蒲公英根提取物活性功能的影响。以蒲公英根为原料，分别采用不同极性的6种溶剂（水、甲醇、无水乙醇、乙酸乙酯、氯仿和正己烷）进行提取，比较不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化能力和对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的影响，并对提取物中的活性成分进行分析。结果表明提取溶剂的极性对蒲公英根的提取效率和提取物抗氧化活性的影响差异显著，随着溶剂极性的降低，提取率和抗氧化活性也随之下降，水的提取率最高可达24.87%，且水提物清除DPPH自由基、对羟基自由基和ABTS+·能力最高，具有较强的还原能力。随着浓度的增加6种提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶抑制率不断增大，当浓度达到5 mg/mL时，水提物对两种酶的抑制能力最强，达到71.56%和74.9%。且6种提取物中水提取物多糖含量最高为63.92 mg/g，乙醇提取物总黄酮和总酚含量最高，分别为10.03 mg/g和12.26 mg/g，甲醇提取物皂苷含量最高为0.88 mg/g。通过体外验证不同极性溶剂提取物的抗氧化以及降糖能力，对蒲公英根活性功能的评估及开发应用提供理论依据和技术参考。

In order to evaluate the active function of extracts from Taraxacum mongolicum root by different solvents, the Taraxacum mongolicum root was used as the raw material in this work. Six solvents, namely water, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane were used. The effects of different solvent on the antioxidant activities of extracts were investigated. The effects of different extracts on the α-glucosidase and α-amylase were also studied. The active ingredients in different extracts were analyzed. The results indicated that solvent polarity had a substantial influence on the extraction efficiency of Taraxacum mongolicum root and the antioxidant activities of their extracts. As the polarity of the solvent decreased, the extraction rate and antioxidant activity decreased. The water extract had the highest crude extract yield of 24.87%. Water extract also revealed the best DPPH racial scavenging capacity, the best hydroxyl radicals scavenging capacity, the best ABTS+· scavenging capacity, and the best reducing power. With the concentration increasing, the inhibitory rates of six extracts to α-glucosidase and α-amylase increased. When the concentration reached to 5 mg/mL, the inhibition abilities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase were the strongest under water extraction conditions, reaching 71.56% and 74.9%, respectively. Among the six solvent extracts, the content of polysaccharides in water extraction was highest, and the content was 63.92 mg/g. The content of total flavon and total phenols in the ethanol extract were highest,and the content were 10.03 mg/g and 12.26 mg/g, respectively. The content of saponin in methanol extract was highest, and the value was 0.88 mg/g. By in vitro verification of antioxidant and hypoglycemic capacity assays, the evaluation of the active function of Taraxacum Mongolicum roots will be provide the foundation for their development and application.

黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目（ZD2019C002）；国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC1601901）