探讨月柿果醋对D-半乳糖致衰老模型小鼠学习记忆能力的影响，并分析其主要成分。采用Morris水迷宫实验检测衰老小鼠的学习记忆能力，并测定小鼠脑组织总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果表明，月柿果醋中含有丰富的多糖、单宁和黄酮类物质，其中多糖含量为(2918.92±38.31) mg/100 mL，单宁含量为(29.60±0.52) mg/100 mL，黄酮含量为(0.75±0.00) mg/100 mL。高剂量的月柿果醋能够缩短衰老小鼠找到隐藏平台的时间(p<0.05)和增加衰老小鼠穿越平台次数；显著提高小鼠海马体中T-SOD酶活性(p<0.05)和T-AOC活力(p<0.05)以及小鼠大脑中GSH-Px酶活性(p<0.05)；同时显著降低小鼠海马体和大脑中MDA含量(p<0.05)。因此，月柿果醋具有显著改善衰老模型小鼠学习记忆能力的作用，其作用机制可能与减少脑组织氧化损伤有关。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of persimmon vinegar (PV) on learning and memory abilities in D-galactose-induced aging mice and to analyze its main composition. Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory abilities of aging mice, and the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), as well as the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in brain tissue of aging mice were determined. The results showed that persimmon vinegar was rich in polysaccharides, tannins and flavonoids, and the contents of polysaccharide, tannins and flavonoids were (2918.92±38.31) mg/100 mL, (29.60±0.52) mg/100 mL and (0.75±0.00) mg/100 mL, respectively. Pre-treatment with high concentration of PV significantly reduced the time spent on finding platforms by aging mice (p<0.05) and increased the number of aging mice crossing the platform, which also significantly increased the enzyme activity of SOD (p<0.05) and T-AOC activity (p<0.05) in hippocampus, and significantly increased the enzyme activity of GSH-Px (p<0.05) in brain of aging mice, meanwhile, significantly decreased MDA production in hippocampus (p<0.05) and brain (p<0.05). Therefore, persimmon vinegar has significant improvement effect on learning and memory ability in D-galactose-induced aging mice, and its mechanism may be related to reduce oxidative damage in brain tissues of mice.

桂林医学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201722)；广西大学生创新创业训练计划项目（201810601112）；国家自然科学基金资助项目(31760530)