本研究探究了黄芪多糖对子宫肌瘤模型大鼠肿瘤组织的抑制作用。选取50只SD健康雌性大鼠，其中10只作为正常组，其余40只进行子宫肌瘤模型的建立并分为模型组以及低、中、高浓度组。对各组大鼠分别进行干预，观察各组大鼠癌组织细胞凋亡以及细胞周期分布情况，并对雌二醇（Estradiol2，E2）、孕酮（Progesterone，P）、卵泡刺激素（Follicle-stimulating hormone，FSH）、黄体生成激素（Luteinizing Hormone，LH）水平以及p53基因、B淋巴细胞瘤-2（B-cell lymphoma-2，bcl-2）、Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bcl-2 Associated X Protein，BAX）表达进行检测。研究结果显示，高浓度组大鼠E2、P、FSH、LH水平分别为305.22 pg/mL、44.21 ng/mL、4.02 IU/L和7.20 IU/L，均显著低于模型组、低、中浓度组，p<0.05。高浓度组大鼠子宫重为1.21 g，子宫系数为5.44，均显著低于模型组、低、中浓度组，p<0.05。高浓度组大鼠细胞凋亡率为50.24%，处于G1期的细胞比例为62.41%，均高于其他三组。高浓度组大鼠p53、Bcl-2表达分别为1.35、1.40；均低于模型组、低、中浓度组；Bax表达为0.73，均高于模型组、低、中浓度组。结果表明，黄芪多糖能够调控子宫肌瘤模型大鼠性激素水平，促进肿瘤细胞凋亡，阻滞细胞周期，并能够调控p53、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的表达，从而起到一定的抑瘤作用，且其能力呈现一定的浓度依赖性。

The inhibitory effect of Astragalus Polysaccharide on uterine leiomyoma model rats was investigated in this work. Fifty SD healthy female rats were selected, of which 10 were normal group, and the rest 40 were established uterine leiomyoma model and divided into model group and low, medium and high concentration group. The rats of each group were intervened to observe the apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of cancer tissue. The levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and the expression of p53 gene, B lymphoma-2 (bcl-2), Bcl-2 related X protein (BAX) were detected. The results indicated that: the levels of E2, P, FSH and LH of high concentration group were 305.22 pg/mL, 44.21 ng/mL, 4.02 IU/L and 7.20 IU/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of model group, low and medium concentration group (p<0.05).The uterine weight and uterine coefficient of rats of high concentration group were 1.21 g and 5.44, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of model group, low and medium concentration group (p<0.05).The apoptotic rate of rats of high concentration group was 50.24%, and the percentage of cells in G1 phase was 62.41%, which was higher than the other three groups. The expression of p53 and Bcl-2 of high concentration group was 1.35 and 1.40, respectively, which was lower than that of model group, low and medium concentration group. The expression of Bax was 0.73, which was higher than that of model group, low and medium concentration group. The results showed that Astragalus polysaccharides could regulate the level of sex hormones, promote apoptosis of tumor cells, block cell cycle, and also regulate the expression of p53, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in uterine leiomyoma model rats. Astragalus polysaccharides have a certain anti-tumor effect, and its ability showed a certain concentration-dependent.

湖南省教育厅项目（17C0174）