本研究以山楂果为原料，热水浸提法提取山楂多糖，脱色和除蛋白后采用DEAE-52纤维素进行分离纯化，在此基础上对各多糖组份的单糖组成以及体外抗氧化和抗糖化活性进行了检测，并对其构效关系进行了简单分析。结果表明，分离纯化分别得到水洗中性多糖（water-washed polysaccharide，WPS）以及盐洗酸性多糖SPS-1（salt-washed polysaccharide 1，SPS-1）、SPS-2和SPS-3，其层析回收产量分别为46.33%、7.86%、37.94%和7.12%。单糖组成分析发现，WPS的主要单糖组成为半乳糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖和葡萄糖，而SPS-2、SPS-1和SPS-3的单糖组成主要为半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖、鼠李糖和阿拉伯糖，其中半乳糖醛酸含量依次为25.65%、74.93%和85.77%。结合单糖组成和红外光谱结果，SPS-1、SPS-2和SPS-3可能是果胶。体外活性研究结果表明，盐洗多糖的体外抗氧化和抗糖化活性明显强于水洗多糖，且盐洗多糖中SPS-3的活性最强，其次是SPS-2和SPS-1，这可能与其分子中较高的半乳糖醛酸含量和较低的分枝度有关。本研究结果在食源性天然抗氧化剂和抗糖化剂的开发方面具有重要意义。

In this study, haw fruit was used as raw material to extract haw polysaccharide by hot water method. After decolorization and deproteinization, the polysaccharide was separated and purified using DEAE cellulose 52. On this basis, the monosaccharide composition and antioxidative and antiglycation activities of polysaccharide fractions were analyzed, and their structure-activity relationship was investigated. The results showed that the neutral polysaccharide WPS and the acidic polysaccharides SPS-1, SPS-2 and SPS-3 were obtained, and their yields were 46.33%, 7.86%, 37.94% and 7.12%, respectively. Monosaccharide composition analysis found that the main sugar composition of WPS was galactose, rhamnose, arabinose and glucose, while the sugar composition of SPS-2, SPS-1 and SPS-3 was mainly galacturonic acid, galactoserhamnose and arabinose, in which the content of galacturonic acid was 25.65%, 74.93% and 85.77%, respectively. Combined monosaccharide composition with infrared spectroscopy results, SPS-1, SPS-2 and SPS-3 could be pectin polysaccharides. The activity study showed that the antioxidant and antiglycation activities of salt-washed polysaccharides were stronger than that of water-washed polysaccharides, and the activity of SPS-3 was the strongest in salt-washed polysaccharides, followed by SPS-2 and SPS-1, which could be related to the higher galacturonic acid content and lower branching in the molecule. The results of this study are of great significance in the development of food-derived natural antioxidants and antiglycation agents.

广西果蔬保鲜和深加工研究人才小高地开放课题项目(2018GSXGD05)；国家自然科学基金青年项目（31301424）