探讨枸杞多糖（Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide，LBP）对过敏性哮喘小鼠肠道菌群的影响。本研究将C57BL/6小鼠随机分为3组：空白对照组、过敏性哮喘模型组与LBP干预哮喘疾病组。在LBP干预7周后，分别观察了小鼠的常规状况，HE染色检测了肺组织病理改变，16 S rRNA测序分析了肠道菌群的多样性改变。研究结果表明，LBP干预小鼠哮喘表现显著缓解，呼吸频促的程度较轻，无口唇爪甲黯淡。HE病理染色表明，LBP干预后炎症细胞浸润显著减少，病理损伤明显减轻。为了进一步研究相关机制，又检测了LBP干预后的肠道菌群的多样性改变。测序分析结果表明，LBP干预哮喘疾病组显著改变了肠道菌门水平的厚壁菌门（p=0.0351）和拟杆菌门（p=0.0015）；在菌群属水平上显著改变了乳酸菌属（p=0.0105）、梭菌属（p=0.0027）、拟杆菌属（p=0.0385）与Alistipes菌属（p=0.0467）。结果说明，LBP改善过敏性哮喘并改变了肠道菌群的组成，可能丰富哮喘的发病机制与提供新的防治手段。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on intestinal flora in allergic asthmatic mice. Firstly, C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: blank control group, allergic asthma model group and LBP intervention group. After 7 weeks of LBP intervention, routine status of mice was observed; pathological changes of lung tissue were detected by HE staining; and intestinal flora diversity was analyzed by 16 S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that after LBP intervention, the asthmatic performance of the mice was significantly relieved, and the degree of respiratory mitigation was mild, and there was no sputum purpura. To further investigate the mechanism, we detected the diversity of intestinal flora after LBP intervention. Sequencing and analysis showed that LBP intervention significantly changed the intestinal Firmicutes (p=0.0351) and Bacteroides (p=0.0015) in asthmatic mice, and significantly changed the genera of Lactobacillus (p=0.0105), Clostridium (p=0.0027), Bacteroides (p=0.0385) and Alistipes (p=0.0467). In conclusion, LBP improved allergic asthma and changed the composition of gut microbiota, which may enrich the knowledge of asthma pathogenesis and provide new prevention and treatment methods.

国家自然科学基金项目（30021702）；宁夏回族自治区科技支撑项目（2015BY033）