本文主要探讨了泽泻苔对高脂血症大鼠血脂的调节作用。在一定时间内给60只雄性SD大鼠喂饲高脂饲料，建立大鼠高脂血症模型，同时通过灌胃给予不同剂量的泽泻苔，生化检测观察不同时间各组大鼠体内血清中总胆固醇(total cholesterol，TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride，TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL-C)的变化以及实验结束时HE染色观察各组大鼠肝脏的组织病理学变化。结果表明：泽泻苔高、低剂量组在造模第14 d可明显降低血清中TC，LDL-C水平，与模型组比较，TC分别降低16.64%、12.85%（p<0.05）；LDL-C分别降低29.90%、22.98%（p<0.05）；造模第21 d，高、中剂量组TC，LDL-C水平有降低趋势，至造模第28 d，和模型组相比较下无明显差别。即泽泻苔在高脂形成初期具有一定的降低血脂作用。从HE染色可见，模型组大鼠肝细胞组织出现一定的细胞变性，相比较模型组，给药组大鼠肝细胞组织有着一定程度的改善。可见泽泻苔在一定程度上具有降低血脂作用。

The regulating effect of Stems and Buds of Alisma orientalis on blood lipid in hyperlipidemia rats was investigated. Sixty male SD rats were fed with high-fat diet for a certain period of time to establish a rat model of hyperlipidemia. At the same time, different doses of Stems and Buds of Alisma Orientalis were administered by intragastric administration. Biochemical tests were performed to observe total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in serum of rats in different groups at different times, and at the end of experiment HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the liver of each group. The results showed that for the high and low dose groups of Stems and Buds of Alisma orientalis, the levels of TC and LDL-C in serum were significantly decreased on the 14th day of modeling. Compared with the model group, the TC decreased by 16.64% and 12.85%, respectively (p<0.05); The LDL-C decreased by 29.90% and 22.98%, respectively (p<0.05). On the 21st day of modeling, the levels of TC and LDL-C in the high and middle dose groups decreased. On the 28th day of modeling, there was no significant difference compared with the model group. Stems and Buds of Alisma orientalis has a certain effect of lowering blood lipids in the early stage of high fat formation. The results of HE staining showed that there was some cell degeneration in the hepatocyte tissue of the model group. Compared with the model group, the liver tissue of the rats in the drug-administered group had a certain degree of improvement. It can be seen that the Stems and Buds of Alisma orientalis has a certain effect on lowering blood lipids.

江西省重点研发计划项目（20161BBF60011）；南昌市中药药理及转化应用研究重点实验室（2018-NCZDSY-005）