从榨菜种植的灌溉水、土壤、原料、半成品和成品出发，全面分析重庆市出口榨菜有害元素含量及其相关性，为出口榨菜的安全性评价提供科学依据。采用原子吸收分光光度法、原子荧光光度法、和电感耦合等离子体质谱法等测定采集样本中Hg、As、Cd、Pb、Cr和Al六种有害元素的含量。结果发现：灌溉水样Hg、Cd、Pb和Cr含量均符合国家标准，3份水样As含量超标，超标率17%；土壤样本中As、Pb和Cr含量符合国家标准，1个样本Hg含量超标，4个样本Cd含量超标，超标率分别为2.90%和11.80%；青菜头、半成品榨菜和成品榨菜中Hg、As、Cd、Pb和Cr含量全部符合国家标准的要求，成品榨菜均达到清洁水平；青菜头P综值都小于0.7，均为清洁等级；青菜头对有害元素的富集能力由大到小为Cd>Al>Hg>Pb>As>Cr，其中青菜头对Cd的平均富集系数最大，为0.09。重庆市出口榨菜种植、加工过程整体清洁状况较好，青菜头对土壤中Cd、Hg、Pb和Al的富集能力较强，故对部分区域灌溉水和土壤质量需要重点监控。

Based on the irrigation water, soil, tumorous stem mustard, semi-finished pickle mustard and pickle mustard, the content and correlation of harmful elements in export pickle mustard in Chongqing city, P.R. China were comprehensively analyzed in this study, which provides a scientific basis for the safety evaluation of export pickle mustard. The content of Hg, As, Cd, Pb, Cr and Al in the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, atomic fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results showed that the contents of Hg, Cd, Pb and Cr in irrigation water samples were lower than the national standard limits of China, among which As contents were higher than the standard limits in 3 samples, and the over-standard rate was 17%. The contents of As, Pb and Cr in soil samples were lower than the national standard limits. The content of Hg was higher than the standard limits in 1 sample, while Cd contents were higher than the standard limits in 4 samples, and the over-standard rates were 2.90% and 11.80% respectively. The contents of Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Cr in tumorous stem mustard, semi-finished pickle mustard and pickle mustard were lower than the national standard limits. The pickle mustard was clean. The comprehensive pollution index of tumorous stem mustard samples was less than 0.7. The tumorous stem mustard was clean. The ability of tumorous stem mustard to concentrate harmful elements was Cd>Al>Hg>Pb>As>Cr. The largest average concentration coefficient of cadmium in tumorous stem mustard was 0.09. In general, the planting environment and processing of export pickle mustard in Chongqing city were good. It is necessary to monitor irrigation water and soil quality in some planting bases, because the tumorous stem mustard is easy to concentrate Cd, Hg, Pb and Al in soil.

重庆市应用开发（重大）项目（CSTC2013YYKF80004）