以指状青霉菌(Penicillium digitatum)为供试菌，研究江香薷活性成分香芹酚的抑菌活性及其抑菌机理。本文采用二倍稀释法测定其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MFC)，以此评价香芹酚对指状青霉菌的抑菌效果；并通过研究香芹酚对指状青霉的菌丝形态变化、孢子萌发率、细胞膜渗透性和菌体内可溶性糖含量，阐述香芹酚对指状青霉菌的抑菌机理。结果表明：香芹酚对指状青霉菌的MIC、MFC分别为0.125 mg/mL和0.25 mg/mL；经不同浓度香芹酚处理后的指状青霉，菌丝形态发生明显改变，孢子萌发率显著降低，细胞膜渗透性增强，菌体内可溶性糖含量降低。说明香芹酚能有效抑制指状青霉菌的孢子萌发，破坏细胞膜结构完整性，内含物外渗，降低营养物质含量，影响病原菌正常生长发育，从而发挥抑菌效果。

Penicillium digitatum was used as the test fungal species in this study to investigate the antifungal mechanism of the active ingredients of Mosla chinensis 'Jiangxiangru', namely carvacrol. Antifungal activity was evaluated by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), measuring the antifungal activity of a series of doubling dilution carvacrol samples. The acting mechanism of carvacrol was elucidated by evaluating its effects on mycelial morphology, spore germination, cell membrane permeability, soluble sugar content. Results showed that the MIC and the MFC of carvacrol were 0.125 mg/mL and 0.25 mg/mL, respectively; the morphological changes of mycelium were appeared by treatment with different concentrations carvacrol; furthermore, a lower spore germination rate, elevated cell membrane permeability, reduced soluble sugar were also observed by treatment with different concentrations carvacrol. The antifungal activity of carvacrol may be related to inhibit spore germination in Penicillium digitatum, damage the structure of its cell membrane, facilitate leakage of intracellular contents, reduce nutrient content. Thus, carvacrol exerts an inhibitory effect by inhibiting normal growth and reproduction of mycelia.

国家自然科学基金项目(31760598)；江西省柑橘产业技术体系(JXARS-07)；江西省“赣鄱英才555工程”(2012)