大豆皂苷是豆科植物特别是大豆的主要活性成分之一，目前已经应用到食品、化妆品及药品各个领域。目前根据其苷元结构类型，以C-21，C-22及C-29的官能团不同，把大豆皂苷归纳为三类，分别为A型、B型及Sg-6型。为了便于分析和归纳，本文把大豆皂苷细分为大豆皂苷A、B、DDMP、E、H、I、J等。因大豆皂苷应用广泛，分离检测手段也越来越多。根据大豆皂苷定量定性原则为基础，将分析型检测手段分为两种，一种是分离型检测型的定量手段：如包括薄层色谱（Thin Layer Chromatography）、高效液相（High Performance Liquid Chromatography）、超高压液相（Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography）、气相（Gas Chromatography）；另一种是基于不进行分离的定性分析的检测方法：核磁共振技术（Nuclear Magnetic Resonance）、高速逆流色谱(High-speed Countercurrent Chromatography)、质谱（Mass Spectrometry）、代谢组学指纹图谱、免疫方法分析组成。值得注意的是质谱联用技术既是重要的定性手段也是常用的定量手段。本文对大豆皂苷的化学结构、检测分析方法进行了综述研究，并对其未来的应用做出了探讨。

Soya saponins are one of the main classes of bioactive ingredients in plants of Leguminosae, especially soybean, and have been applied in various fields of food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. At present, according to the structural type of aglycone, and different functional groups of C-21, C-22 and C-29, soy saponins could be grouped into three categories, namely, type A, type B and type Sg-6. To facilitate the analysis andgeneralization, saponins are further divided into saponins A, B, DDMP, E, H, I, and J subclasses. Due to the wide application of soy saponins, more and more methods become available for separation and detection. Based on the principles for quantitative or qualitative analysis of soybean saponin, the analysis methods can be divided into two kinds: one type is for quantitative analysis based on separation, including TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography), HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography), UHPLC (Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography), and GC (Gas Chromatography); The other is for qualitative analysis without separationincluding NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), HSCC (High-speed Countercurrent Chromatography), MS (Mass Spectrometry), metabolic fingerprint analysis and immunological analysis methods. It is worth noting that mass spectrometry-coupled analyses are important qualitative means and commonly used quantitative techniques. In this review, the recent studies on the chemical structure and analysis methods of soya saponins are reviewed, and their future applications are also explored.

农业部作物种质资源保护项目（2018NWB036-12-5）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项(范201303069）；潍坊医学院博士启动资金