本文以螺旋藻粉为原料，采用超声耦合亚临界水法提取螺旋藻粗蛋白。对亚临界水提取设备中的提取釜结构进行改进，增加了原料与亚临界水的接触面积，蛋白提取率由10.30%显著提高至40.20%(p<0.01)；系统研究了温度、超声功率、压力和时间等因素对提取率的影响规律，得出四个影响因素主次顺序为：温度>超声功率>提取时间>压力，并通过正交试验设计与验证得出提取螺旋藻粗蛋白的最佳工艺条件为温度150 ℃、超声功率200 W、提取时间80 min、压力10 MPa，在此最佳工艺条件下粗蛋白的提取率为74.32%；采用ABTS、DPPH、OH自由基清除率法评价不同温度下提取的螺旋藻粗蛋白的抗氧化能力，结果显示粗蛋白在0.15~10 mg/mL浓度范围内均具有较强的抗氧化活性。综上所述，超声耦合亚临界水提取技术为海藻蛋白的提取开创了一种高效、低耗和环保的新技术。

In this work, ultrasound coupling subcritical water extraction of crude protein from Spirulina platensis was investigated. The extractive reactor was redesigned to increase the contact area of the raw material and subcritical water, and the extraction rate of crude protein was improved significantly from 10.30% to 40.20% (p<0.01); The factors affected on the extraction rate, including temperature, ultrasonic power, pressure and time were systematically discussed using single factor level analysis, and the order was temperature>ultrasonic power>extraction time>pressure; The optimal extraction conditions were obtained by orthogonal design and verification, and the best extraction rate of 74.32% was achieved under the following extraction conditions: temperature of 150 ℃, ultrasonic power of 200 W, extraction time of 80 min and pressure of 10 MPa. The antioxidant activity of crude protein extracted with different temperatures was determined by measuring its reducing power and clearance ability on DPPH and ABST+ and OH- radicals in vitro, and the results showed that crude protein extraction exhibited an excellent antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 0.15~10.00 mg/mL. Therefore, ultrasound coupling subcritical water extraction of protein from marine algae can be used as a new technology with high efficiency, low energy consumption and environmental protection.

广东省海洋与渔业局项目基金（A201601C10）；广东省科技计划项目（2014A020208017）