玉竹为百合科植物玉竹Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce的干燥根茎，主要分布在亚洲与欧洲大陆，药用广泛。而多糖作为玉竹中的主要活性成分之一具有多种生物活性，如抗氧化、抗糖尿病、增强免疫活性等。较多研究显示，玉竹多糖的单糖组成情况、糖苷键类型、空间构型等都会影响其生物活性。本文综述了近几年来国内外在玉竹多糖的提取工艺、结构特征以及药理活性等方面的研究现状，以期能为提高玉竹多糖的利用以及为进一步深入研究玉竹结构与活性的关系提供依据。

Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce belongs to the Polygonatum (Liliaceae) genus and is mainly distributed from Asia to Europe. As one of the main active ingredients in Polygonatum odoratum, polysaccharide has been confirmed to exhibit many pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, and enhancement of immune activity. Previous works indicated that the biological activities of Polygonatum odoratum polysaccharides is affected by their monosaccharide composition, the glycosidic bond type, and the space configuration. This review summarizes the technique of polysaccharide extraction, structure characteristics and pharmacological activities of Polygonatum odoratum achieved in the recent years, in order to provide basis for improving the extraction rate and further studying the relationship between structure and activity.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81273470、81473172、81503025）