为探究丹参素（Salvianic acid，SA）对高脂血症大鼠的调节作用及机制，将40只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组（S，n=10）、高血脂模型组（M，n=10）、丹参素高剂量组（SAH，n=10）和低剂量组（SAL，n=10）。高脂饲料喂养建立高脂血症模型，边造模边灌胃给药。8周后，采用ELISA法测定各组大鼠血清中总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、载脂蛋白AI（apoAI）和载脂蛋白B（apoB）的含量；RT-PCR和Western-blot检测卵磷脂胆固醇脂酰基转移酶（LCAT）和胆固醇7α-羟化酶（CYP7A1）的表达；HE染色检测肝脏组织病理学形态。结果发现丹参素能明显降低模型大鼠TC、TG、LDL-C和apoB含量（p<0.05），上调HDL-C、apoAI、LCAT和CYP7A1的表达，同时减轻肝脏脂肪病变，高剂量组效果更显著。因此，丹参素对高血脂大鼠血脂紊乱的调节作用机制可能与调控脂质代谢载脂蛋白、LCAT和CYP7A1的表达有关。

To explore the regulation effect and the mechanism of salvianic acid on the rats with hyperlipidemia. 40 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group(S, n = 10), hyperlipidemia model group (M, n = 10), salvianic acid high dose group(SAH, n=10) and low dose group(SAL, n =10). Except the control group, the model groupand drug groups were given the high-fat feed to exhibit the hyperlipidemia model. After eight weeks, the blood samples were collected from the abdominal aortic to determinate the serum lipid index in each groupsuch as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apoAI and apoB by ELISA. HE staining was employed for the detection of liver tissue pathology morphology, RT-PCR and Western-blot technology were also used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of the lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1). It was found that salvianic acid could obviously decrease the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and apoB in the model rats with hyperlipidemia, increase the contents of HDL-C and apoAI, and enhance the expressions of LCAT and CYP7A1(p<0.05). In addition, Salvianic acid could also reduce fat liver lesions, which the effect of high dose groupwas more significant. Thus, salvianic acid could reduce the serum lipid levels in the rats with hyperlipidemia, which its mechanism might be related to the lipid metabolism of the apolipoprotein, LCAT and CYP7A1.