探讨了不同配比的18α-与18β-甘草酸（Gly）对酒精性肝损伤大鼠重要脏器组织形态学的影响。健康雄性SD大鼠，随机分组，即正常对照组、模型对照组、阳性药物对照组（水飞蓟宾）、7个给药组（18α-Gly与18β-Gly不同配比组，浓度为10.83 mg/kg；配比为10:0，8:2，6:4，5:5，4:6，2:8，0:10）。给药4周后，摘取各组大鼠的肝脏、肾脏及脾脏等重要组织，称重，计算脏器指数，进行常规HE染色和油红O染色，光镜下观察不同给药组大鼠脏器的病理特征变化。结果显示，18α-Gly与18β-Gly最佳配比为2:8时能显著降低呼吸消化系统中的脏器指数，极显著降低运动系统中骨骼肌指数，明显升高脑指数；明显降低心脏指数和脾脏指数。配比为4:6和2:8时减轻肝细胞脂肪变性并降低肝脏内脂质堆积；配比小于或等于4:6时肾小球炎症减轻，毛细血管袢清晰，玻璃样变减少；配比为4:6时脾脏内界面红白髓分界清楚。综上，18α-Gly与18β-Gly改善酒精引起的脏器损伤的最佳配比为4:6和2:8。

The objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of different proportions of 18α- and 18β- glycyrrhizic acid (Gly) on the morphology of organs in rats with alcoholic liver injury. Healthy male rats were randomly divided into ten groups, including normal control group, model group, positive control group (silymarin), 7 drug groups (18α-Gly and 18β-Gly group 10.83 mg/kg at ratios of 10:0, 8:2, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 2:8, 0:10). At the fourth week, important organs were collected and weighted, including liver, kidney and spleen, which were then stained by routine oil red O and hematoxylin-eosin. The histology of organs was observed by optical microscope. The results showed that 18α-Gly and 18β-Gly at the ratios of 2:8 significantly decreased organs indexes of respiratory and digestive system, obviously reduced muscle index and increased brain index, and meanwhile decreased cardiac index and spleen index. Additionally, 18α-Gly and 18β-Gly at the ratios of 4:6 and 2:8 reduced hepatocytes steatosis and lipid accumulation. 18α-Gly and 18β-Gly at the radio of 4:6 or less could decrease inflammation of the kidney, and meanwhile, alleviated injury to spleen demonstrated by the clear boundary of red and white pulp of spleen. Collectively, the optimal compatibility proportion of 18α-Gly and 18β-Gly on protecting organ injury induced by alcohol was 4:6 and 2:8.

河北省自然基金项目（H2013201203）；河北大学医学学科专项资金建设项目（2014A1003）