本文结合酶解预处理、辛烯基琥珀酸酐（OSA）疏水改性和Al3+交联复合改性制备疏水多孔淀粉。探讨了加酶量对疏水多孔淀粉结构及理化性质的影响，并对其吸油性能进行探讨。研究发现：α-淀粉酶与淀粉葡萄糖苷酶协同处理，使玉米淀粉颗粒表面形成了孔洞，成为多孔淀粉。在相同OSA添加量下，随着加酶量的增加，疏水多孔淀粉的取代度降低。激光共聚焦显微镜显示酯化处理后辛烯基琥珀酸（OS）基团在整个颗粒均有分布，随着酶水解率的提高，OS基团更多地分布在疏水多孔淀粉颗粒的内部。疏水多孔淀粉的吸油率随水解率的增大而增大，最高可达52.30%。对玉米油、机油、柴油的吸附率分别为80.41%，52.30%和41.93%。在油水体系中吸水率在6%左右，表现出很好的油水选择性，且保油性好。

Hydrophobic porous starch was successfully prepared in this paper by the combination of enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment, octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) modification and Al3+ cross-linking. The effects of enzyme addition amount on the structure, physicochemical properties, and the oil absorption capacity of hydrophobic porous starch were studied. Results showed that the synergistic treatment of α-amylase and amyloglucosidase made holes on the surface structure of corn starch granules, and the porous starch was formed. Under the same OSA addition, the degree of substitution of the hydrophobic porous starch decreased with the increase of enzyme dosage. The results of laser confocal microscope showed that the octenyl succinic acid (OS) groups were distributed throughout the particles after esterification, and the OS groups tended to distribute inside the hydrophobic porous starch granules with the increase of hydrolysis rate. In addition, the oil absorption rate of hydrophobic porous starch increased with the increase of hydrolysis rate, and the maximum oil absorption rate could be 52.30%. The adsorption rates of corn oil, engine oil and diesel oil were 80.41%, 52.30% and 41.93%, respectively. In the oil-water system, the water absorption rate was only about 6%, indicating good oil-water selectivity and oil retention ability were realized.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（31771929）；广州市科技计划项目（201704020080）