通过GC/MS对水蒸气蒸馏法提取的蒙古绣线菊枝、叶挥发油化学成分进行分析。挥发油的主要成分为脂肪酸及其衍生物，其中棕榈酸乙酯占挥发油总含量38.631%、反亚油酸乙酯23.576%、亚麻酸乙酯14.634%。通过硅胶柱色谱法分离和核磁鉴定，白桦脂醇(1)、羽扇豆醇-3,20-二醇(2)、1β-羟基-6,9-二烯-8-羰基-11-降-11-二酮(3)、3-(4-甲氧基苯基)丙醛(4)、豆甾醇(5)、β-谷甾醇(6)六个化合物从蒙古绣线菊枝、叶中分离出来。对它们清除DPPH自由基活性、抗菌活性也分别进行了测定。试验结果表明挥发油有良好的清除DPPH自由基活性(IC50=900 μg/mL)，对所选菌株没有明显的抗菌活性。化合物(4)显示出较强的清除DPPH自由基活性(IC50=13 μg/mL)，对黄曲霉、枯草芽孢杆菌和白色念珠菌均有明显的抑菌活性。化合物(3)清除DPPH自由基活性微弱，对黄曲霉和枯草芽孢杆菌显示明显的抑菌活性，这些研究结果对传统中草药的研究和新药物的研制具有一定的意义。

The essential oil was extracted from the dried twigs and leaves of Spiraea mongolica Maxim by hydro-distillation and identified by GC-MS. The main compositions of the oil were fatty acids and their derivatives, ethyl palmitate (38.631%), ethyl linolelaidate (23.576%) and ethyl linolenate (14.634%). From the dried twigs and leaves, botulin (1), lupine-3,20-diol (2), 1β-hydroxyl-6,9-dien-8-oxoeremophil -11-nor-11-ketone (3), 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl) propanal (4), stigmasterol (5), β-Sitosterol (6) were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and identified by NMR data. Their DPPH free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities were separately evaluated. The essential oil showed good to moderate DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 900 μg/mL), while had no apparent antimicrobial activity. Compound (4) exhibited reasonably strong DPPH free radical scavenging ability (IC50 = 13 μg/mL) and showed diverse antimicrobial competence against Aspergillus flavus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. Compound (3) showed antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus, Bacillus subtilis and weak DPPH free radical scavenging activity. These results of the study had certain significance in the study of traditional Chinese medicine plant and development of new drugs.

兰州市人才创新创业科技计划项目（2014RC65）；兰州市科技计划项目（2013477）；甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目（1302NKDA021）