本实验以高剪切分散乳化技术提取松针多酚，以剪切机转速、剪切时间、乙醇浓度、料液比和剪切温度为考量条件，根据单因素实验的结果以乙醇浓度、剪切时间、提取温度为最陡爬坡实验及响应面实验的考量条件。最后得到红松松针多酚的最佳提取条件为：剪切转速18000 r/min、料液比1:10、乙醇浓度64%、剪切时间140 s、剪切温度44 ℃。以此条件提取，红松、臭松、樟子松、黑皮油松和红皮云杉的松针多酚得率分别为19.7623、24.6992、14.0626、9.4983和29.7984 mg/g。同时以DPPH·清除能力、ABTS+·、总还原力清除能力为指标，比较五种松针多酚的抗氧化能力。以DPPH·自由基清除能力、总还原力为指标的结果为：红松松针多酚>黑皮油松松针多酚>红皮云杉松针多酚>樟子松松针多酚>臭松松针多酚，以ABTS+·自由基清除能力为指标的结果为：樟子松松针多酚>红松松针多酚>黑皮油松松针多酚>红皮云杉松针多酚>臭松松针多酚。

Polyphenols were extracted from the needles of different pine species by high-shear mixing emulsification. Shear speed, shear time, ethanol concentration, sample to solvent ratio, and shear temperature were used as the indices. From the results of single factor testing, ethanol concentration, shear time, and extraction temperature were selected as the factors to be considered for the steepest ascent and response surface methodology using a central composite design. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: shear speed: 18000 r/min, sample to solvent ratio: 1:10, ethanol concentration: 64%, shear time: 140 s, and shear temperature: 44 ℃. The yields of polyphenols from the needles of Pinus koraiensis, Abies nephrolepis, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus tabulaeformis, and Picea koraiensis were 19.7623, 24.6992, 14.0626, 9.4983, and 29.7984 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) scavenging ability and total reducing power were used as indicators to compare the antioxidant capacities of the extracted polyphenols from the five pine species; these were in the order of Pinus koraiensis > Pinus tabulaeformis > Picea koraiensis > Pinus sylvestris > Abies nephrolepis. When 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline -6-sulfonic acid ABTS+· was used as the indicator, the antioxidant capacities were in the order of Pinus sylvestris > Pinus koraiensis > Pinus tabulaeformis > Picea koraiensis > Abies nephrolepis.

国家自然科学基金项目（31170510）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2572014EA02-4）；黑龙江省科学自然基金项目（QC2016021）