研究低聚果糖对力竭运动所致脂质代谢紊乱的调节作用。采用Balb/c雄性小鼠，并将其随机分为3组，即正常组，力竭运动组和低聚果糖干预组。本研究采用小鼠转轮式疲劳仪力竭运动模型，力竭运动组和低聚果糖组小鼠给予力竭运动干预，而正常组保持静止。连续喂养16 d后，测定血清血脂指标并无菌收集小鼠粪便，进行肠道菌群的宏基因组分析。结果显示：力竭运动导致小鼠脂质代谢紊乱，血清总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）水平显著升高（p<0.05），而甘油三酯（TG）水平显著降低（p<0.01）。同时，低聚果糖能显著改变力竭运动小鼠肠道菌群结构以及菌群功能。总之，低聚果糖可靶向调节肠道菌群结构，改善肠道菌群脂质代谢通路，调控脂肪酸氧化和脂质合成相关酶，进而缓解力竭运动导致的脂质代谢紊乱。

To investigate the possible mechanism of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) in regulating lipid metabolism, male balb/c mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group (Control), exhaustive exercise group (Motion), and FOS intervention group (FOS). A forced exercise wheel-track treadmill was used in this study, and animals in both Motion and FOS groups were subjected to an exhaustive exercise protocol while the animals in the Control group were kept still. After sixteen days of treatments, the related serum lipid parameters were measured and fecal samples were collected to investigate gut microbiota changes by metagenome. The results showed that the serum total cholesterol content, LDL-C, and HDL-C increased sharply (p<0.05), while the serum triglyceride content decreased significantly (p<0.01). Therefore, exhaustive exercise could be an important factor in lipid metabolism disorders. Our data also showed that a 16-day FOS treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome structure, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the gut functional potential. Together, our findings suggest that FOS may protect mice against exhaustive exercise-induced dyslipidemia by modulating gut microbial composition, improving lipid metabolism within microbiota, and regulating enzymes activities involved in fatty acid oxidation and lipid synthesis.

国家自然科学基金项目（U1406402）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（30471225）