为研究不同采收期对黑比诺葡萄及葡萄酒品质指标的影响，于葡萄转色后每7 d取样1次，监控葡萄果实理化指标及多酚含量的变化，并对不同采收期葡萄酿造的葡萄酒感官指标进行定量描述分析（QDA），以确定宁夏青铜峡黑比诺葡萄的最佳采收期；对不同采收期葡萄和葡萄酒的多酚指标进行主成分分析（PCA），筛选出对其品质影响最大的指标，达到简化实用的目的。结果表明，在葡萄成熟过程中，还原糖含量、糖酸比不断增加，总酸含量不断降低；果皮和籽中的多酚指标含量基本都呈先降低后逐渐升高的趋势；QDA分析结果表明，随着采收期的推移，相应葡萄酒的感官质量也逐渐提高；PCA分析结果表明，籽总类黄酮、皮总类黄酮和皮总花色苷对葡萄及葡萄酒品质的影响最大，并且其含量分别达到52.02±0.13 mg/g，29.95±0.28 mg/g和7.09±0.02 mg/g时，葡萄多酚成熟度相对较好，所酿葡萄酒的品质较佳；以期指导该地区黑比诺葡萄采收期的确定。

The quality of Pinot Noir grapes and the resulting wines was evaluated according to different harvest dates in this study. The grape samples were collected once every seven days after veraison to monitor the changes of physicochemical indices and polyphenol contents. In addition, quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) was performed on the sensory indices of the wines prepared from the grapes collected at different harvest dates, to determine the optimum harvest date of Pinot Noir grape from Qingtongxia City in Ningxia. Principal components analysis (PCA) was performed on the polyphenol indices of the grapes collected at different harvest dates and the resulting wines, and the indices that had the most significant impact on their quality were screened out, which proved to be a simplified and practical approach. The results showed that the reducing sugar contents and the sugar-acid ratios increased and the total acid contents decreased continuously during the grape ripening. The polyphenol contents of both the skins and seeds showed an upward trend after the initial decrease. The results of QDA indicated that the sensory quality of the wines increased with a prolonged harvest date. The results of PCA showed that the total flavonoids of the seeds, total flavonoids of the skins, and total anthocyanins of the skins had the most significant impact on the quality of the grapes and wines. Moreover, when their contents were 52.02 ± 0.13 mg/g, 29.95 ± 0.28 mg/g, and 7.09 ± 0.02 mg/g, respectively, the polyphenolic maturity of the grapes and the quality of the wines were relatively good. This study can provide guidance for determination of the most suitable harvest date of Pinot Noir grapes in this region.

西北农林科技大学科技创新重点项目（ZD2013017）；陕西省农业科技创新与攻关项目（2015NY131）；西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费（2452015209）