为了探究养殖及流通环节金黄色葡萄球菌污染及其耐药状况，采集某养殖场环境，屠宰加工环节及某市场生猪肉等507份样本。根据国标GB 4789.10-2010分离金黄色葡萄球菌136株；纸片扩散法、E-test法检测分离菌株耐药谱；聚合酶链式反应（PCR）检测所有菌株携带四环素、大环内酯类、林可酰胺类耐药基因及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（methicilin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, MRSA）特异性基因mecA与mecC（即mecALGA251）状况。结果表明，来自屠宰场生猪肉样本金黄色葡萄球菌污染率达44.11%(60/136)，与其它来源的分离率相比有显著性差异（P<0.05）；对临床用于治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染的青霉素、四环素及克林霉素耐药率分别为92.64%（126/136）、56.61%（77/136）、50.00% (58/136)；多重耐药达56.62% (77/136)；耐药谱以CIP/P/CN/TE /CLR/SXT/DA，P/CLR/DA，CIP/P/TE/CLR/C/SXT/RD/DA为主；金黄色葡萄球菌携带耐药基因较为严重，其中耐四环素基因tetK检测率为最高，达90.44%。研究结果为控制多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌随食物链的传播的提供科学依据。

To investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and drug resistance at pig farms and during slaughter and processing, 507 pork and environmental samples were collected from farms, slaughter and processing, and markets. A total of 136 Staphylococcus aureus strains were identified according to the GB.4789.10-2010. All isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by the disk diffusion and E-test methods. The presence of genes conferring resistances to tetracyclines, macrolides, and lincosamides as well as the mecA and mecC (mecALGA251) genes carried by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains in the isolates was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that the S. aureus infection rate of fresh pork from slaughterhouses was (44.11%, 60/136), and this value differed significantly from the rates at other sources (P < 0.05). The resistance rates to penicillin, tetracycline, and clindamycin, which are used to treat S. aureus infection, were (92.64%, 126/136), (56.62%, 77/136), and (50.00%, 68/136), respectively. The multidrug resistance rate was 56.62% (77/136), and the main resistance profiles of S. aureus strains were CIP/P/CN/TE/CLR/SXT/DA, P/CLR/DA, and CIP/P/TE/CLR/C/SXT/RD/DA. The drug-resistance genes carried by S. aureus stains posed a serious problem, and gene with the highest detection rate was the tetracycline-resistant gene tetK (90.44%). This study provides a theoretical basis for controlling the spread of multi-resistant strains of S. aureus in the food chain.

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（31201363）；广东省科技计划项目（2014A020214001）