应用电子鼻、顶空固相微萃取/气相色谱质谱联用（HS-SPME/GC-MS）两种技术，检测玫瑰香葡萄贮后货架期内挥发性物质的变化，从香气成分的角度评价葡萄货架期品质。玫瑰香葡萄0 ℃冷藏20 d后出库，设置18 ℃~20 ℃、8 ℃~10 ℃两种货架温度，模拟常温销售和超市货柜销售，测定5 d货架期内的理化、感官、营养指标，结合电子鼻、GC-MS分析。电子鼻检测结果表明，应用主成分分析、线性判别分析方法可以对不同货架时间的样品进行有效区分。GC-MS峰面积归一法分析结果表明，玫瑰香葡萄挥发性物质组成及其相对含量在货架期内发生变化，主要特征香气成分(E)-2-己烯醛、香叶醇、香茅醇、橙花醇等含量下降，乙醇、正己醇、乙酸等含量增加，峰面积总和下降，其变化规律与理化指标及电子鼻分析结果大致一致。因此，电子鼻结合GC-MS方法对玫瑰香葡萄货架期香气品质的判别具有可行性。

Changes in the volatile substances of Muscat grape after storage were detected using electronic nose and headspace solid phase micro-extraction/gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC–MS), and the shelf quality of grapes was evaluated to identify aroma components. After storage at 0 ℃ for 20 days, the grapes were stored on shelves at temperatures of 18~20 ℃, and 8~10 ℃, which simulated room temperature and supermarket grape sale conditions, respectively. Physicochemical, sensory, and nutritional indices within five-day shelf life were measured using the electronic nose and GC-MS. The electronic nose detection results showed that principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis methods could effectively distinguish between samples with different shelf times. The results of GC-MS analysis with the peak area normalization method showed that the content and composition of volatile substances in Muscat grape changed during the shelf life. For the main characteristic aroma components, the content of (E)-2-hexenal, geraniol, citronellol, and nerol decreased; the contents of ethanol, hexanol, and acetic acid increased; and the total peak area decreased. The pattern of the changes was generally consistent with the results of physicochemical indices and electronic nose analysis. Therefore, electronic nose combined with GC-MS is feasible for determining the aroma quality of Muscat grape during its shelf life.

“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD38B01)；天津市高等学校创新团队培养计划项目（TD12-5049)；天津市科技计划项目(15ZCZDNC00140)