[关键词]
[摘要]
为研究西南地区不同产地花椒的地域差别,本文选取了5个产地花椒的15个样品作为实验材料,采用有机溶剂提取并用柱层析方法分离得到不同的组分。通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对分离后的组分进行分析。利用主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA),找出汉源花椒与其他产地花椒的主要差异物。结果表明,汉源花椒能够与其他产地花椒明显区分,且PLS-DA的分离效果优于PCA。以VIP(变量重要性)>1及p<0.05为指标筛选出汉源花椒和其他产地花椒的主要差异物为新绿原酸、绿原酸、槲皮苷、羟基-β-山椒素和羟基-γ-山椒素,其中汉源花椒的羟基-γ-山椒素含量显著高于其他产地花椒,其他差异物含量均低于其他产地花椒,差异有显著性(p<0.05)。本研究为不同产地花椒的筛选及品质评价提供了一定的理论基础和实验数据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
The geographical origin of 15 samples of Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruits obtained from five different regions in Southwest China was differentiated. The pericarps of Z. bungeanum were extracted using methanol. Fractions were obtained by column chromatography and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were performed to develop classification models to differentiate between samples from Hanyuan and those from other regions of Southwest China. The results showed that samples from the Hanyuan region were significantly different from those obtained from the other regions; PLS-DA analysis showed a greater discriminatory effect than did PCA approach. In addition, the chemical compounds with variable influence on the projection (VIP) > 1 from PLS-DA models and p < 0.05 for unpaired Student’s t-test were considered relevant for group discrimination. These included neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, quercitrin, hydroxy-β-sanshool, and hydroxy-γ-sanshool, which could be potential markers to distinguish Hanyuan Z. bungeanum fruits from those obtained from other regions of Southwest China. Hydroxy-γ-sanshool content alone in Z. bungeanum fruits from Hanyuan region was higher than that in Z. bungeanum fruits from other regions, while contents of other compounds were lower; the differences were significant (p < 0.05). The results of this study provide theoretical and experimental basis to some degree for screening and quality evaluation of Z. bungeanum fruits from different geographical origins.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
四川省科技支撑项目(2012NZ0023);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0591)