本试验利用罗氏GS junior高通量测序平台分析了30年窖龄的浓香型白酒窖池窖泥古菌群落结构，结果发现：3口窖池样品共获得8706条有效序列，282个OTUs分类；样品中古菌的Shannon曲线值在4~5之间就趋于稳定，Chao曲线的值随着序列数的增加而增长。窖泥中古菌类群主要集中在Euryarchaeota（广古菌门）下的Thermoplasmata class（热原体纲）中的Thermoplasmataceae（热原体科），Methanobacteria class（甲烷杆菌纲）中的Methanobacteriaceae（甲烷杆菌科），Methanococci class（甲烷球菌纲）中的Methanomicrobiaceae（甲烷微菌科）、Methanocorpusculaceae（甲烷八叠球菌科）和Methanosarcinaceae（甲烷粒菌科）；Saccharococcus sp.和WCHD3-02也有检测到。其中Thermoplasmataceae和Methanobacteriaceae占绝对优势，分别为39%和27%，其它菌类Methanomicrobiaceae占9%、Methanosarcinaceae占7%和Methanocorpusculaceae占4%、Saccharococcus sp.（糖球菌属）占1%和WCHD3-02占1%，unclassified序列占12%；对甲烷菌类进行深入分析，发现了Methanoculleus marisnigri strain、Methanoculleus bourgensis strain、Methanosarcina siciliae strain、Methanobacterium、Methanocorpusculum和Methanomicrobia等种属的菌种。

The structure of the archaeal community in pit mud from 30-year-old cellars that is used for the production of Luzhou flavor liquor was analyzed by a Roche GS junior high-throughput sequencing platform. A total of 8,706 valid sequences and 282 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from samples inthree cellars. The Shannon curves of archaea were stable in the range from 4 to 5 and the value of Chao curves increased with increasing sequence number. The predominant archaeal groups were of the phylum Euryarchaeota: Thermoplasmataceae of class Thermoplasmata, Methanobacteriaceae of class Methanobacteria, as well as Methanomicrobiaceae, Methanocorpusculaceae, and Methanosarcinaceae of class Methanococci. Saccharococcus sp. and WCHD3-02 were also detected. Among these, the dominant archaea groups were Thermoplasmataceae and Methanobacteriaceae, accounting for 39% and 27%, respectively; Methanomicrobiaceae, Methanosarcinaceae, Methanocorpusculaceae, Saccharococcus sp., WCHD3-02, and unclassified sequences accounted for 9%, 7%, 4%, 1%, 1%, and 12%, respectively. Further study on methanogens showed the presence of Methanoculleus marisnigri, Methanoculleus bourgensis, Methanosarcina siciliae, Methanobacterium, Methanocorpusculum and Methanomicrobia.

酿酒生物技术及应用四川省重点实验室开放基金课题（NJ2013-08）；四川理工学院人才引进项目（2014RC28）；固态酿造关键技术研究四川省院士（专家）工作站开放基金项目（GY2014-02）