3-氨基-5-吗啉甲基-2-恶唑烷酮（AMOZ）是抗生素呋喃它酮的代谢产物，具有潜在致畸、致癌性。由于分子量太小，其特异性抗体制备尚未突破，无法建立直接检测的免疫分析方法。为了制备针对AMOZ的特异性抗体，本研究首次尝试采用赖氨酸树状分子(G5)替代传统载体蛋白，将AMOZ的乙醛酸衍生半抗原AMOZA直接偶联到G5分子上制备免疫原（AMOZA-G5），免疫Balb/c小鼠，收集抗血清并进行间接竞争酶联免疫分析(ciELISA)测定。结果发现：传统免疫原AMOZA-BSA对应的抗血清无法特异性识别游离AMOZ，而AMOZA-G5对应的抗血清则可以特异性识别游离AMOZ，在ciELISA实验中，1 μg/mL AMOZ对抗体活性的抑制率为35%，说明以赖氨酸树状分子为载体可以有效提高小分子半抗原的免疫原性。本研究对于制备其他小分子半抗原的特异性抗体提供了方法借鉴。

3-Amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidone (AMOZ), a metabolite of antibiotic furaltadone, is a potential teratogenic and carcinogenic substance. However, an immunoassay for the direct estimation of AMOZ was so far unavailable due to its low molecular weight and lack of a specific antibody. In this study, polylysine dendrimer (G5) was used for the first time instead of the traditional carrier (bovine serum albumin (BSA)), to conjugate with AMOZ glyoxylate derivative hapten (AMOZA) to generate the immunogen (AMOZA-G5) that would produce AMOZ-specific antibodies. Balb/c mice were immunized, antisera were collected, and examined by competitive indirect enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ciELISA). The results revealed that the antiserum from AMOZA-BSA immunization was not specific to free AMOZ, however, that from AMOZA-G5 immunization showed specificity. ciELISA experiment showed an inhibition rate of 35% for 1 μg/mL AMOZ). The results indicated that polylysine dendrimer as a carrier effectively improved the immunogenicity of small-molecule haptens. This study provides a new strategy for the production of specific antibodies against small-molecule haptens.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（31271865；31371769）；广东省自然科学基金资助项目（S2012040008046；S2012010010323）；广东省科技计划支撑项目(22012A020100002)