研究了对虾中T-2毒素急性暴露的残留规律，并探明其对雄性小鼠的遗传毒性效应。实验以LC-MS/MS检测肌肉注射染毒后，对虾中T-2毒素残留量，并经灌胃，检测毒虾中T-2毒素对小鼠遗传毒性的危害。结果发现，对虾中游离态T-2毒素的残留量与暴露剂量呈正相关，表现蓄积性，并且不同组织的蓄积量差异较大，以肌肉中含量最低，接近于零。经毒虾灌胃后，小鼠的精子畸形率及微核率也随暴露剂量逐渐增大。与对照组相比，高剂量灌胃组的小鼠精子畸形率和微核率出现显著性变化（P<0.05），高剂量组的四个对虾组织都具有毒性，其中以对虾肌肉和肝胰腺的毒性最强，其次为肠道。表明T-2毒素在对虾体内具有隐蔽性，特别是在肌肉中，游离态T-2毒素易于被转化为隐蔽态T-2毒素，从逃避检测，并产生二次危害隐患。

This study examined the pattern of T-2 toxin residue in prawns following acute exposure, and the genetic alterations in mice following administration of the poisoned prawns. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to detect the content of residual T-2 toxin in prawns after intramuscular injection. The mice were administered the poisoned prawns by gavage. The results showed that the content of free T-2 toxin in prawns positively correlated with its increasing dose. T-2 toxin appeared to have accumulated in the prawns, and the amounts were significantly different among the various organs. The lowest content of free T-2 toxin was found in muscle; T-2 toxin content was close to zero. The sperm deformity and micronucleus rate of mice gradually increased with an increase in the exposure dose, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The four organs of the prawns in the high dose group were toxic to the mice, and the toxicity levels were the highest in the muscles and hepatopancreas, followed by the intestinal tract. The results indicated that T-2 toxin in prawns could be easily concealed, especially in the muscle, where free T-2 toxin is converted to masked T-2 toxin. As a result, T-2 toxin could remain undetected, resulting in secondary harm to other organisms.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(31171634，31371777)