本文利用两株酿酒酵母Freddo（F菌）、BH8（B菌）和模拟葡萄汁发酵体系，研究了不同浓度Cu2+对酿酒酵母生长和发酵特性的影响。结果表明，Cu2+抑制发酵前期酵母生长、酒精发酵的程度和延长酒精发酵时间与Cu2+浓度正相关，当Cu2+浓度达到0.2 mM时，酵母酒精发酵出现提前终止。发酵结束时，B菌对照组葡萄糖和果糖的残留量为2.51 g/L、10.80 g/L，Cu2+ 0.1 mM处理组葡萄糖和果糖残留量分别为0.43 g/L、3.43 g/L，Cu2+ 0.1 mM处理促进了B菌发酵后期对糖的利用；F菌Cu2+处理组与对照组残糖量之间不存在显著性差异。B菌Cu2+ 0.1 mM处理组酒精总产量为10.80%，显著高于对照组的10.27%与Cu2+ 0.05 mM处理组的10.37%。B菌Cu2+ 0.05 mM处理组的甘油产量为6.66 g/L，显著高于对照组的6.37 g/L与Cu2+ 0.1 mM处理组的6.29 g/L；F菌Cu2+处理组与对照相比，酒精和甘油总产量之间不存在显著性差异，可见，不同株酵母对Cu2+逆境的适应性不同的。

The aim of this study was to understand the effect of Cu2+ on the growth and fermentation characteristics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An industrial S. cerevisiae strain Freddo (F) and a new S. cerevisiae strain BH8 (B) isolated in our lab were used, and a simulated grape juice fermentation system was conducted. The results showed that Cu2+ inhibited the early growth of S. cerevisiae, and the extent and time of alcoholic fermentation positively correlated with Cu2+ concentration. When fermentation with 0.2 mM Cu2+, the process terminated earlier. The Residual glucose and fructose concentrations in the control (with no Cu2+ )for strain B were 2.51 g/L and 10.80 g/L, respectively. On the other hand, at 0.1 mM Cu2+, these values were 0.43 g/L and 3.43 g/L, respectively, for Cu2+-treated strain B. This indicated that 0.1 mM Cu2+ promoted sugar utilization in late fermentation by strain B. There was no significant difference in residual sugar concentration between control and Cu2+-treated groups for strain F. The ethanol yield of 0.1 mM Cu2+-treated strain B was 10.80%, which was significantly higher than that of the control (10.27%) and 0.05 mM Cu2+-treated (10.37%) strain B groups. The glycerol yield of 0.05 mM Cu2+-treated strain B was 6.66 g/L, which was significantly higher than that of the control (6.37 g/L) and 0.1 mM Cu2+-treated (6.29 g/L) strain B groups. In comparison, Cu2+-treated strain F and control groups showed no significant difference in ethanol and glycerol yield. Therefore, the adaptability of different yeast strains to Cu2+ stress was different.

国家十二五科技支撑计划（2012BAD31B07）；国家自然科学基金（31471835）；北京市科技计划(D131100000513003）