油菜籽的吸湿特性影响油菜籽的收储工艺和储藏品质，为了给甘蓝型油菜籽收储工艺和管理提供基础依据，本文实验研究了甘蓝型油菜籽在温度为0~30 ℃，相对湿度为32%~88%的条件下的吸湿特性，比较了7种数学模型在甘蓝型油菜籽吸湿过程的适用性。结果表明：甘蓝型油菜籽的吸湿性受温度和相对湿度的影响很大，温度越高，达到吸湿平衡所需要的时间越短，相对湿度越大，平衡含水率值越大，达到吸湿平衡的时间越长；Peleg模型的相关系数为0.999，卡方为0.154和均方根误差为0.160，是描述油菜籽吸湿特性的最佳数学模型；随着温度的升高，甘蓝型油菜籽的临界相对湿度增大，降低储藏温度，可以有效降低油菜籽的的临界相对湿度；随着平衡含水率的增加，甘蓝型油菜籽的净等量吸湿热指数递减。

The moisture sorption characteristics of rapeseed (Brassica napus) affect the storage quality of the crop and the techniques used in harvesting and storage. To provide a technical basis for the harvesting, storage, and management of rapeseed, this paper experimentally studied the moisture sorption characteristics of rapeseed at 0~30 ℃ and relative humidity of 32%~38%, and compared the applicability of seven mathematical models in the moisture sorption process of rapeseeds. The results showed that temperature and relative humidity were the main factors affecting the moisture sorption of rapeseed. With increasing temperature, the time needed for sorption equilibrium decreased, and with increasing relative humidity the equilibrium moisture content and time needed for sorption equilibrium increased. The net isosteric heat of rapeseed sorption exponentially decreased with increasing equilibrium moisture content. The Peleg model was considered to be the best mathematical model in describing the moisture sorption characteristics of rapeseed, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999, Chi-square value of 0.154, and root mean square error of 0.160. With increasing temperature, the critical relative humidity of rapeseed increased, and it is therefore considered that the critical relative humidity could be effectively decreased by decreasing the storage temperature. With the increase of equilibrium moisture content, the net isosteric heat of sorption of rapeseed exponentially decreased.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（31301575）；重庆市科委自然科学基金项目（CSTC2012，JJA80027）