本试验分别提取30、100和200年窖龄窖泥样品总DNA，采用PCR-DGGE和16S rDNA测序技术探索浓香型白酒不同窖龄窖泥古菌群落演替规律，结果表明：不同窖龄窖泥的古菌DGGE图谱均出现14~17条较清晰的条带，其中第4、7、11号条带在所有样品中均有检出，且优势度较高，均在4%以上；不同窖龄窖泥的古菌群落多样性指数都在1.91~2.29之间，且随窖龄的增加而呈现上升趋势；不同窖龄窖泥的古菌相似性指数在0.43~0.61之间，30年与100年窖泥古菌群落相似性指数达到了0.61且聚为一类，与200年古菌群落相似性指数相比较却分为两类。PCR-DGGE图谱优势条带割胶测序结果显示：他们分属于产甲烷古菌（Methanogenic archaeon）、甲烷袋状菌属（Methanoculleus sp）、甲烷八叠球菌属（Methanosarcinales archaeon）、瘤胃古菌属（Rumen archaeon）四个类群。本研究结果对浓香型白酒窖泥古菌群落有了一定的认识。

The clusters and succession rules of archaeal in the mud pit was studied by PCR-DGGE and sequencing of 16S rDNA. The total DNAs were extracted from the mud pit with cellar age of 30, 100 and 200 years, respectively. The results showed that 14 to 17 clear bands were displayed in each grain sample from DGGE grams, among which band 4, 7 and 11 were detected and showed relatively high dominant degree above 4% in all samples. The diversity indexes of all samples were between 1.91 and 2.29, with the increase of cellar age showed an increasing trend. The similarity indexes of samples were between 0.43 and 0.61. Meanwhile, the similarity index between 30 years and 100 years was reached to 0.61. Therefore, they were clustered into one group, compared with 200 years which was divided into two groups. The PCR-DGGE dominant bands tapping results showed that the archaeal belonged to Methanogenic archaeon,Methanoculleus sp, Methanosarcinales archaeon and Rumen archaeon.

四川省科技厅应用基础项目（07JY029-026）；酿酒生物技术及应用四川省重点实验室开放基金课题（NJ2009-05、NJ2012-06）；地方高校国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（201210622014）