本文采用ABTS法、DPPH法和红细胞溶血试验来评价5-羟甲基糠醛的抗氧化性，并在溶血试验中，通过环境扫描电镜（ESEM）对血红细胞的形貌进行直观的观察；同时，采用MTT实验考察5-羟甲基糠醛的抗细胞增殖活性。结果表明，当5-羟甲基糠醛浓度为6.4 mM时，5-HMF对ABTS自由基和DPPH自由基的清除率分别为53.98±0.016%和17.80±0.010%，说明5-羟甲基糠醛具有清除ABTS和DPPH自由基的能力；且当5-羟甲基糠醛浓度为12.0 mM时，其对红细胞的溶血抑制率高达89.95±0.001%，说明它可以抑制AAPH诱导的血红细胞氧化损伤，并通过环境扫描电镜（ESEM）观察血红细胞的形貌进一步验证了这一结论。5-羟甲基糠醛能抑制人正常肝细胞L02、皮肤黑色素瘤细胞A375和结肠癌细胞SW480的增殖，其中对A375细胞具有最大的活性，这一结论通过倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化得到进一步验证。

The antioxidant of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) was evaluated by ABTS, DPPH and hemolysis assay. In the hemolysis assay, the morphological changes of erythrocytes were observed directly by an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). Meanwhile, MTT assay was carried out to investigate antiproliferative activities of 5-HMF. The results showed that the scavenging rates of ABTS and DPPH were 53.98 ± 0.016% and 17.80 ± 0.010%, respectively when using 5-HMF at 6.4 mM. And the emolysis inhibition rate reached 89.95 ± 0.001% at a concentration of 12.0 mM, suggesting that 5-HMF could inhibit the hemolysis oxidative damage induced by AAPH. The results was verified by observation of the morphological changes of erythrocytes using ESEM. 5-HMF showed a higher antiproliferative activity on human melanoma A375 cells than L02 cells and SW480 cells, which was certificated by inverted microscope.

973项目（2012CB720800）；“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BAD37B01）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（31101278）