本文以滑子菇中分离纯化得到一种多糖PNP为研究对象，通过高效凝胶渗透色谱法测定分子量及其分布，红外光谱、气相色谱法、部分酸水解、高碘酸氧化法、Smith降解法、甲基化分析、1HNMR、氨基酸和β-消除反应分析多糖的结构，刚果红实验、碘-碘化钾实验对该多糖溶液行为进行研究。分析表明，PNP的重均分子量为20199 Da，含有木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖这四种单糖，且摩尔比为1.5:3.36:14.2:1；经高碘酸氧化和Smith降解后表明，PNP中没有1→4糖苷键，而且1→2键:1→3键:1→6键为1.42:5.06:1；PNP具有典型的多糖红外吸收，糖链以β型吡喃糖苷为主并且是一种含有蛋白质的糖缀合物的粘多糖；PNP具有三股螺旋结构，含有较长的侧链和分枝。

A new polysaccharide PNP was isolated and purified from Pholiota nameko and its components and structure were studied. The PNP relative molecular mass and distribution were analyzed by high-performance gel permeation chromatography, the PNP main chain structure were determined by infrared spectra (IR), gas chromatography (GC), partial acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation and GC-MS, 1HNMR, amino acids and β-elimination reaction, and polysaccharide solution action was studied by Congo red and iodine-potassium experiment. The result indicated that the weight-average relative molecular mass of PNP was 20199 Da; PNP was composed of Xyl, Man, Glu and Gal with a molar ration of 1.5: 3.36: 14.2:1; through periodate oxidation and Smith degradation, the branches of PNP were composed of (1→2)-linked, (1→3)-linked and (1→6)-linked with a molar ration of 1.42: 5.06:1, and had no (1→4)-linked; PNP possessed typical infrared absorption of polysaccharides and sugar chain was mainly β-configuration pyranoside and a kind of contained protein glycoconjugate; PNP had triple helical structure containing a long side chain and branches.