以菜籽油和猪油为实验油，采用schall烘箱法测定蜂胶及其乙醇提取物、超临界CO2提取物和CO2残渣醇提物的抗氧化活性，并与其他通用抗氧化剂比较。结果表明：总黄酮浓度0.01%以上的蜂胶提取物均能显著延长油脂氧化诱导期，是高效的油脂抗氧化剂；黄酮类化合物仍是各蜂胶提取物中主要含量成分和主要抗氧化活性成分之一，且随总黄酮浓度0.005%以上一定范围与其整体抗氧化活性呈现量效关系；在相同添加量0.02%（蜂胶提取物均以总黄酮计）和恒温60 ℃条件下，各抗氧化剂抗氧化效果按强弱顺序排列为：菜籽油中，TBHQ＞蜂胶超临界CO2提取物＞蜂胶CO2残渣醇提物≥蜂胶乙醇提取物＞VE＞甘氨酸＞蜂胶＞BHT；猪油中，TBHQ＞蜂胶CO2残渣醇提物≥蜂胶乙醇提取物≥BHT＞甘氨酸＞蜂胶＞蜂胶超临界CO2提取物＞VE。本试验结果可望为各蜂胶提取物将来被用作含油脂食品的天然抗氧化剂提供一定的实验数据。

The antioxidant activity of propolis,ethanol extract, supercritical CO2 extract, and ethanol extract of CO2 residue of propolis in rapeseed oil and lard were determined with Schall oven method. The results showed that, the propolis extract containing above 0.01% of total flavonoids can significantly prolong the rapeseed oil oxidation induction period and are efficient grease antioxidants. Flavonoids was one of the main components with high antioxidant activity in various propolis extracts. With the ranges of total flavonoids concentration above 0.005%, the overall anti-oxidative activity had a dose-response relationship. When the same adding amount of propolis and its extract) and temperature (60℃) were adopted, the order of the antioxidant activities of the tested antioxidant agents and propolis extracts in rapeseed oil was found as: TBHQ ＞ supercritical CO2 extract of propolis ＞ ethanol extract of CO2 residue of propolis ≥ ethanol extract of propolis ＞ VE ＞ glycine ＞ propolis ＞ BHT. And the order of the antioxidant activities of the tested antioxidant agents and propolis extracts in lard was found as: TBHQ ＞ethanol extract of CO2 residue of propolis ≥ ethanol extract of propolis ≥ BHT ＞ glycine ＞ propolis ＞ supercritical CO2 extract of propolis ＞VE. This study may provide some experimental data for the application of propolis extracts as natural antioxidants in greasy foods.

重庆市科委攻关项目（2009AC1127）