本文对测定血液乙醇含量的常规气相色谱方法进行改进，建立了更准确、简便的适用于常规气相色谱仪的简易顶空气相色谱测定方法。将样品在密闭进样瓶中水浴加热气化，吸取上部气体进样，以叔丁醇为内标物进行定量检测，以峰面积的响应值为指标对样品的加热温度和平衡时间等顶空条件进行优化。样品70 ℃下加热15 min后具有稳定的峰面积，气液两相达到平衡，在优化的条件下色谱图显示目标峰与内标峰分离完全，在0.05~12 mg/mL范围内标准工作曲线线性关系良好，精密度的RSD为1.63%，检出限为0.005 mg/mL；样品加标回收率在93.41%~103.17%之间，RSD≤3.38%。结果表明，通过改进的气相色谱法测定小鼠血液中乙醇含量快速灵敏，能准确定量，该方法可用于实际检测分析。

The purpose of this study was to establish an ultra-sensitive and handy headspace gas chromatographic for the determination of alcohol in rat blood by gas chromatograph. The blood samples containing alcohol and tert-butanol (internal standard, IS) were heated in a water bath. The headspace vapor was drawn into a syringe and injected into a GC port and the experimental conditions of headspace and GC were optimized by taking the peak areas as index. The results showed that the samples heated at 70 ℃for 15 min had a steady peak area and good vapor-liquid equilibrium. Under the optimized conditions, the target peak and the internal standard peak were clearly separated. In the range of 0.05~12 mg/mL, the linear relation between peak area and concentration of the alcohol was found. RSD was 1.63% by testing the standard solution for seven times. The detection limit was 0.005 mg/mL and the reclaim ratio was 93.4%~103.2% (RSD≤3.41%). In conclusion, this method was simple, flexible and effective to detect the alcohol concentration in rats’ blood and can be used widely.

国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-48）